“Remote sensing monitoring of vegetation drought is an important issue in remote sensing applications. Due to the complex terrain and dense vegetation in subtropical regions, accurate monitoring of vegetation drought by remote sensing is difficult. Experts have designed a Vegetation Drought Response (VDR) module based on an improved multispectral vegetation index and surface temperature to describe the spatiotemporal characteristics of subtropical vegetation's response to drought fluctuations. Considering the dynamic process of the interaction between vegetation and soil moisture under drought stress, the Vegetation Drought Process (VDP) was identified, and the Vegetation Drought Threshold (VDT) was defined to define the boundary of vegetation drought. A Process Cognizant Vegetation Drought Model (PCVDM) based on vegetation drought process cognition was constructed by combining VDR, VDP, and VDT, achieving accurate identification of subtropical vegetation drought. Taking the Hunan Jiangxi region as an example, obtain vegetation drought monitoring results based on the PCVDM model from the summer of 2000 to 2023, and analyze them in combination with altitude and lithological characteristics of the strata. The results showed that vegetation in relatively high altitude areas was stimulated by continuous warming, which stimulated the growth and development of trees; In relatively low altitude areas, the comprehensive impact of differences in water holding capacity of geological rocks/slopes and continuous warming leading to an increase in surface evapotranspiration rate, although showing a trend of "greening", is actually under strong drought stress, that is, while the vegetation as a whole continues to turn green, its drought is also increasing.”