冻结条件下黑土的L波段微波辐射响应特性实验研究

孙孟琦; 寇晓康; 姜涛; 靳梦杰; 闫爽

doi:10.11834/jrs.20254443

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冻结条件下黑土的L波段微波辐射响应特性实验研究
An experimental study on the depth of microwave radiation sensitivity of black soil under the frozen condition
2026年30卷第1期页码：93-102
收稿：2024-10-10，

纸质出版：2026-01-07
DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20254443
稿件说明：

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孙孟琦，寇晓康，姜涛，靳梦杰，闫爽.2026.冻结条件下黑土的L波段微波辐射响应特性实验研究.遥感学报，30（1）： 93-102 DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20254443.

Sun M Q，Kou X K，Jiang T，Jin M J and Yan S. 2026. An experimental study on the depth of microwave radiation sensitivity of black soil under the frozen condition. National Remote Sensing Bulletin， 30（1）：93-102 DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20254443.

摘要

在冻结参量探测中，L波段穿透性更强，相比其他微波波段更具优势。当前对于L波段微波辐射响应深度研究相对较少，冻结条件下土壤的微波辐射响应特性还有待于进一步明晰。为此，本研究以东北典型冻土区中的黑土为研究对象，在冬季自然冻结条件下，使用频率为1.414 GHz的双极化L波段微波辐射计对不同初始含水率的黑土进行近场实验，通过实验结果分析黑土在冻结过程中以及冻结后的微波辐射响应深度变化。结果表明：在冻结过程中，10%和30%含水率的土壤L波段微波响应深度均>5 cm，与此同时，土壤含水率依然对亮温起主导作用。其中，在冻结之后，初始含水率通过影响未冻水含量进而影响L波段微波辐射响应深度：初始含水率分别为0%（寒土）、10%的黑土冻结后微波辐射响应深度分别在100—105 cm和50—60 cm；初始含水率为20%，30%的黑土冻结后微波辐射响应深度分别在35—50 cm和25—35 cm。此外，本研究同时证实了在相同温度及含水率条件下，冻土微波辐射响应深度高于基于Ulaby等（1981）模型计算的穿透深度。综上，本研究结论对于冻土参量遥感反演领域具有重要参考价值。

Abstract

In the detection of frozen soil parameters

the L-band offers stronger penetration capability than other microwave bands do

making it more advantageous for studying soil properties in frozen conditions. However

limited research has been conducted on the microwave radiation response depth of the L-band in such environments. Additionally

the microwave radiation response characteristics of soil under freezing conditions are not fully understood. This study aims to investigate the microwave radiation response depth of black soil in typical permafrost regions of Northeast China

focusing on its behavior under natural freezing conditions during winter.

To address the research gap

this study employed a dual-polarized L-band microwave radiometer with a frequency of 1.414 GHz to perform near-field experiments on black soil samples with different initial moisture contents. The experiments were conducted in winter under natural freezing conditions. The study examined the changes in microwave radiation response depth during and after the freezing process

considering four initial moisture contents: 0%

10%

20%

and 30%. By analyzing the experimental results

the study aimed to explore how the initial moisture content affects the microwave radiation response depth and to determine the dominant factors that influence brightness temperature in frozen soil. This approach allowed for a comprehensive understanding of the interactions between soil moisture

freezing processes

and microwave radiation.

The results revealed several key findings. During the freezing process

the L-band microwave radiation response depth for soils with 10% and 30% initial moisture content exceeded 5 cm

suggesting that the L-ban

d is capable of detecting soil characteristics at relatively greater depths during freezing. Notably

the soil moisture content remained the dominant factor that influences brightness temperature during this process. After freezing

the initial moisture content continued to impact the microwave radiation response depth by affecting the amount of unfrozen water in the soil. The measured response depths for black soil with an initial moisture content of 0% (frozen soil) and 10% ranged from 100to 105 cm and 50to 60 cm

respectively

following freezing. For soils with higher initial moisture contents of 20% and 30%

the post-freezing microwave radiation response depths between 35to 50 cm and 25 to 35 cm

respectively. These results highlight the significant influence of soil moisture content on the penetration depth of the L-band signal. Furthermore

the study confirmed that under certain conditions

the microwave radiation response depth of frozen soil exceeded the penetration depth calculated using the

Ulaby (1981)

model

indicating that the actual response depth could be greater than previously estimated for frozen environments.

This study provides new insights into the L-band microwave radiation response depth of frozen soil with varying initial moisture contents. The findings demonstrate that initial moisture content plays a significant role in determining the microwave radiation response depth by influencing the unfrozen water content in the soil. Additionally

the observed response depth surpassing the Ulaby model’s predicted penetration depth emphasizes the complexity of microwave interactions with frozen soil. These results have important implications for remote sensing inversion of frozen soil parameters and the use of L-band microwave radiometry in monitoring permafrost and frozen ground. The ability to accurately measure the microwave radiation response depth in these environments can improve our understanding of the physical properties of frozen soils and enhance the accuracy of remote sensing systems designed for frozen soil monitoring and analysis.

关键词

Keywords

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