航空遥感系统获取的云南腾冲火山区热红外图像

封面图像为国家重大科技基础设施——航空遥感系统云南腾冲火山群实验成果，不仅清晰展现了典型锥体火山的三维地貌特征：顶部漏斗形火山口、锥体坡面下缓上陡、表土风化层与植被覆盖纹理，还直观揭示了火山锥体表面热辐射空间分布特性。腾冲是中国遥感发展史上"三大战役"核心试验区，此次重返任务获取了0.4 m空间分辨率热红外数据，实现了中国红外遥感从中分辨率到亚米级分辨率的重大跨越。红外航空遥感设备可同时获取中波、长波红外多波段数据，具备亚米级空间成像与高精度辐射定标能力，可反演得到地表温度、发射率产品，将大幅提升我国航空红外对地观测能力，显著增强气候变化、水循环、地质勘探、农林监测和城市热环境等诸多领域的应用潜力。

Thermal infrared image of Tengchong volcanic area in Yunnan province obtained by the aeronautic remote sensing system

The cover image presents the experimental findings from China's National Major Science and Technology Infrastructure—the Aeronautic Remote Sensing System—deployed in Yunnan's Tengchong Volcanic Group. It vividly depicts three-dimensional topographic features of a typical conical volcano, including the funnel-shaped summit crater, contrasting slope gradients (gentler lower flanks and steeper upper slopes), as well as distinct surface textures of weathered soil and vegetation cover. Moreover, it precisely maps the spatial distribution of thermal radiation across the volcanic surface. Tengchong is a core experimental area in the "Three Major Campaigns" of China's remote sensing development history. This return mission successfully acquired thermal infrared data with a spatial resolution of 0.4 meters, marking a significant leap in China's infrared remote sensing from medium resolution to sub-meter resolution. The infrared aerial remote sensing equipment is capable of simultaneously acquiring mid-wave and long-wave infrared multi-band data, featuring sub-meter spatial imaging and high-precision radiometric calibration capabilities. This system enables the retrieval of surface temperature and emissivity products, significantly enhancing China's aerial infrared Earth observation capabilities. This advancement will significantly strengthen applications in numerous fields, including climate change, water cycles, geological exploration, agricultural and forestry monitoring, and urban thermal environment studies.