سابِق|تال

Downscaling method for near-surface freeze/thaw state monitoring in Genhe area of China

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

    Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

  • Email：wjian@mail.bnu.edu.cn
  • Introduction：王健，1995年生，女，硕士研究生，研究方向为地表冻融遥感。E-mail：wjian@mail.bnu.edu.cn
WANG Jian12,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

    Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

  • Email：jiang@bnu.edu.cn
  • Introduction：蒋玲梅，1978年生，女，副教授，研究方向为积雪与地表冻融遥感。E-mail:jiang@bnu.edu.cn
JIANG Lingmei12*,  
  • Affiliation：

    School of Civil Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China

    Key Laboratory of Roads and Railway Engineering Safety Control (Shijiazhuang Tiedao University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang 050043, China

KOU Xiaokang34,  
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

    Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

CUI Huizhen12,  
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

    Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

YANG Jianwei12

ملخص

As the northernmost and coldest area in Inner Mongolia with the largest wetland in China, high-resolution and full time–space-covered surface freeze/thaw (F/T) in Genhe area must be determined. Carbon–nitrogen cycle, water and soil losses, and soil freeze–thaw erosion must be investigated in the Genhe region. In this study, a downscaling method of passive microwave (PMW) brightness temperature (TB) proposed by Kou et al. is used to downscale the TB from 0.25° spatial resolution to 0.01° spatial resolution. The downscaled temperature data of 1 km spatial resolution produced by Zhang et al. are used. AMSR2 TB is adjusted to AMSR-E TB using a linear conversion model between different polarizations of AMSR2 and AMSR-E sensors. Then, PMW TB and downscaled TB data are adopted to discriminate the surface F/T status using the F/T discriminant function algorithms developed by Zhao et al. and Kou through model simulation and experimental data, correspondingly. A comparison between the F/T state and the soil temperature measured at 0–5 cm in Genhe area shows that the overall classification accuracy of the two F/T discriminant algorithms before and after downscaling is within 6.72%, and the accuracy difference is insignificant. The mean value of thawing classification accuracy is 10% higher in the F/T discriminant algorithm developed by Zhao et al. than in Kou’s algorithm (DFA_Kou). Kou’s freezing classification accuracy is faster than that of Zhao et al. (DFA_Zhao, approximately 1%). The freezing classification accuracies of the two F/T discriminant algorithms are higher than 90%, and the thawing classification accuracies during the ascending orbits are higher than 80%. The thawing classification accuracies of two algorithms during the derailment period range from 40%–82%. During the development of DFA_Zhao and DFA_Kou, the temperature data at 0–1 and 0 cm are introduced to correct the freeze–thawing discriminant obtained through simulation, thereby making the two algorithms sensitive to the freezing and thawing changes in surface soil. PMW has a certain depth of penetration, which may cause errors when using the two algorithms to monitor soil freeze–thaw conditions. The proposed downscaling method is based on the assumption that the land cover is basically the same during downscaling TB between the PMW large pixel (0.25°) before downscaling and small pixel after downscaling (0.01°). This method was proposed by Kou et al. (2017) in Naqu area on the plateau. The land cover of Naqu area is nearly entirely grassland. However, the land cover in Genhe area mainly consists of three types, namely, forest land, grassland, and agricultural land. The proposed method has limitations in mixed pixels of different surface types. Thus, under the premise of without introducing the experimental calibration data, the penetration depth of TB during freeze–thaw transformation and the body scattering effect of TB in the soil layer will be investigated in the next step. A high-resolution surface freeze–thaw monitoring algorithm suitable for complex surface types and full time–space coverage will be developed in the next step.

مفهوم

AMSR2;surface freeze-thaw discrimination;downscaling;passive microwave;freeze-thaw discriminant algorithm

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