سابِق|تال

Retrieval of seawater optical properties with an oceanic lidar

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China

  • Email：lzpopt@foxmail.com
  • Introduction：刘志鹏，1994年生，男，硕士研究生，研究方向为海洋激光雷达的数据处理。E-mail：lzpopt@foxmail.com
LIU Zhipeng1,  
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China

LIU Dong1,  
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China

XU Peituo1,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China

  • Email：wul@zju.edu.cn
  • Introduction：吴兰，1967年生，女，教授，研究方向为光电检测与激光雷达遥感。E-mail：wul@zju.edu.cn
WU Lan1*,  
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China

ZHOU Yudi1,  
  • Affiliation：

    National Ocean Technology Center, Tianjin 300112, China

HAN Bing2,  
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China

LIU Qun1,  
  • Affiliation：

    National Satellite Ocean Application Service, Beijing 100081, China

SONG Qingjun3,  
  • Affiliation：

    Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China

MAO Zhihua4,  
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China

ZHANG Yupeng1,  
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China

CUI Xiaoyu1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China

CHEN Peng4

ملخص

Studying seawater optical properties is of great importance in global climate change and material cycle. lidar has the ability to retrieve the profiles of seawater’s optical properties. A single-scattering lidar equation is typically a useful and effective model of lidar return. However, lidar return depends on the volume scattering function at 180° scattering angle and lidar attenuation coefficient, which makes retrieval from an equation difficult. The Fernald method is often used to retrieve backscatter lidar return with the assumption of lidar ratio. High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) can retrieve optical properties without assumption. A shipborne traditional lidar was developed to detect the vertical profile of seawater optical parameters. Experiments on seawater were conducted in the nearshore and offshore regions of the Yellow Sea. The lidar system was fixed on the front deck of a scientific survey boat. In situ optical measurements were also performed in the two regions. A simple quasi-single-scattering approximation was employed to calculate a modeled lidar return with inherent optical properties derived from the in situ measurement. The comparison of oceanographic lidar returns with modeled lidar returns using nearly coincident in situ optical properties were in perfect agreement with the nearshore and offshore regions, indicating that lidar can effectively detect seawater optical parameters. The difference between the inverse lidar attenuation coefficient and the in situ diffusion attenuation coefficient were analyzed based on the Fernald method with different lidar ratios. With the use of the calibrated lidar ratio, the lidar attenuation coefficients while sailing were obtained by using the Fernald method. A fusion algorithm based on traditional lidar data and in situ backscatter coefficient was also proposed to simulate HSRL. Then the accuracies of the Fernald method and fusion algorithm were compared. In the nearshore water column, diffuse attenuation coefficient varied from 0.15 m −1 to 0.28 m−1, and the maximum error of both methods was below 11%. As for the offshore water column, diffuse attenuation coefficients changed little through depths, approximately 0.1 m−1 to 0.16 m−1. The maximum error of the two methods was nearly 17%. The statistical analysis showed that diffuse attenuation coefficient can be well employed both by fusion algorithm and the Fernald method (with calibrated lidar ratio). This paper described the applications of lidar for profiling the properties of upper ocean. To overcome the assumption of lidar ratio in the future while retrieving water column information from traditional lidar, the HSRL without assumption has a great advantage in the field of seawater optical parameter detection.

مفهوم

remote sensing;ocean optics;optical remote sensing;lidar;diffuse attenuation coefficient;lidar attenuation coefficient

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