SDGSAT-1 卫星获取的波斯湾巴林岛夜间热红外影像

封面图像为 SDGSAT-1 热红外 T2 波段（10.3—11.3 μm）获取的波斯湾中部海域夜间遥感影像（中国科学院空天信息创新研究院马彩虹和北京林业大学沙雪供图）。在30 m空间分辨率下，该影像清晰地呈现了沿岸城市——工业用地与近岸海域的热场梯度分布，精准地捕捉了近岸油气开发引发的离散型热异常信号，直观反映了人类开发活动与海洋自然热环境的相互作用特征。可持续发展科学卫星1号(SDGSAT-1)是全球首颗专门服务2030年议程的科学卫星，也是中国科学院研制并发射的首颗地球科学卫星。作为我国高分热红外民用卫星，其采用太阳同步轨道（轨道高度505 km，倾角97.5°），搭载含三波段通道的高分辨率宽幅热红外成像仪，300 km超宽幅与30 m分辨率综合指标国际领先，探测灵敏度达0.2K@300K，支持全天时多载荷协同观测及11 d重访周期，其数据在地表温度反演、工业热排放监控、海洋生态评估等领域具有重要应用价值。

Nighttime thermal infrared image of Bahrain Island in the Persian Gulf captured by SDGSAT-1 satellite

The cover image shows a nighttime thermal infrared remote sensing image captured by the T2 band (10.3–11.3 μm) of the Sustainable Development Science Satellite (SDGSAT-1) over the central Persian Gulf (Provided by Caihong Ma from the Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Xue Sha from Beijing Forestry University). With a spatial resolution of 30 m, the image clearly presents the thermal field gradient distribution between coastal urban-industrial areas and offshore marine areas, accurately captures discrete thermal anomaly signals induced by offshore oil and gas development, and directly reflects the interaction characteristics between human development activities and the natural marine thermal environment. SDGSAT-1 is the world’s first scientific satellite specifically dedicated to supporting the 2030 Agenda, as well as the first Earth science satellite developed and launched by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS). As a high-resolution thermal infrared civilian satellite of China, it operates in a sun-synchronous orbit (With an orbital altitude of 505 km and an inclination angle of 97.5°), equipped with a high-resolution wide-swath thermal infrared imager with three spectral bands. Its comprehensive index of 300 km ultra-wide swath and 30 m resolution leads the world, with a detection sensitivity of 0.2 K@300 K. It supports day and night multi-sensor collaborative observation and has an 11-day revisit cycle. The satellite’s data holds important application value in fields such as land surface temperature retrieval, industrial thermal emission monitoring, and marine ecological assessment, providing high-precision data support for relevant research.

拉页文字说明：图片为SDGSAT-1 卫星2025年9月8日获取的波斯湾中部海域夜间热红外遥感影像，展示了人类活动与海洋自然热环境的相互作用特征。