风云四号B星获取的台风“巴威”真彩色合成遥感影像

封面图像为风云四号B星（FY-4B）先进静止轨道辐射成像仪（AGRI）获取的真彩色合成遥感影像，记录了2026年7月10日12时台风“巴威”登陆前的完整云系结构（国家卫星气象中心张勇、王鑫龙、王涛、李贵才供图）。影像清晰呈现台风眼、螺旋雨带及外围云系的三维立体形态，直观反映其庞大环流与强对流特征，为台风路径预报、强度评估及防灾减灾提供关键数据支撑。同时，该影像显示台风“巴威”在登陆前原本对称完整的台风眼墙有所瓦解，反映了云系组织化减弱的现状及登陆前台风云系结构的变化特征。FY-4B是我国新一代静止轨道气象卫星风云四号系列的首发业务星，于2021年6月3日发射升空，搭载AGRI、静止轨道干涉式红外探测仪（GIIRS）、快速成像仪（GHI）和空间环境监测仪器（SEMP）等载荷。FY-4B与2016年12月11日发射的FY-4A组网运行，共同实现大气和云的高频次监测，获取大气垂直信息，监测地球辐射、冰雪覆盖、海面温度、气溶胶、臭氧与洪涝、高温、寒潮、干旱、积雪、沙尘暴和植被等，并生成多种定量化产品。观测数据广泛用于数值天气预报、灾害天气预警、气候预测、生态环境监测及通信导航安全等领域，双星组网进一步满足我国及“一带一路”沿线国家和地区的气象监测预报与应急防灾减灾需求。

True-color composite remote sensing image of Typhoon Bawei captured by FY-4B

The cover image is a true-color composite remote sensing image of Typhoon Bawei, acquired by the Advanced Geostationary Radiation Imager (AGRI) onboard the Fengyun-4B (FY-4B) satellite, capturing the complete cloud system structure of the typhoon prior to landfall at 12:00 on July 10, 2026 (Image courtesy of Zhang Yong, Wang Xinlong, Wang Tao, and Li Guicai, National Satellite Meteorological Center). The image clearly reveals the three-dimensional morphology of the typhoon eye, spiral rainbands, and peripheral cloud systems, providing an intuitive depiction of its extensive circulation and intense convective features. It offers critical data support for typhoon track forecasting, intensity estimation, and disaster prevention and mitigation. Notably, the image shows that the originally symmetric and intact eyewall of Typhoon Bawei had begun to disintegrate prior to landfall, reflecting the weakening of cloud system organization and capturing the structural evolution of the typhoon as it approached landfall. FY-4B, the first operational satellite of China's new-generation geostationary meteorological satellite series, was launched on June 3, 2021. It carries multiple advanced payloads, including AGRI, the Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder (GIIRS), the Geostationary High-speed Imager (GHI), and the Space Environment Monitoring Package (SEMP). Operating in a dual-satellite constellation with FY-4A (launched on December 11, 2016), the system enables high-frequency monitoring of the atmosphere and clouds, retrieves atmospheric vertical profiles, and monitors a wide range of environmental parameters—Earth radiation, ice and snow cover, sea surface temperature, aerosols, ozone, floods, heatwaves, cold surges, droughts, snow cover, dust storms, and vegetation—while generating diverse quantitative products. The observational data are extensively applied in numerical weather prediction, severe weather warning, climate forecasting, eco-environmental monitoring, and communication and navigation safety. The dual-satellite constellation further enhances meteorological monitoring, forecasting, and emergency disaster response capabilities for China and countries along the Belt and Road Initiative.

拉页：图片为图家卫星气象中心(FY-3D、FY-3E、FY-3F和FY-3H)多颗极轨卫星组网观测的2026年6月27日欧洲地表温度的监测图，多星监测到地表温度的日内变化（供图者：国家卫星气象中心高浩，董立新）。