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Hyperspectral image rolling guidance recursive filtering and classification

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China

  • Email：cuibinge@qq.com
  • Introduction：崔宾阁，1979年生，男，副教授，研究方向为高光谱遥感的理论和应用。E-mail：cuibinge@qq.com
Binge CUI,  
  • Affiliation：

    College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China

Yanan WU,  
  • Affiliation：

    College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China

Yong ZHONG,  
  • Affiliation：

    College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China

Liwei ZHONG,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China

  • Email：luyan@sdust.edu.cn
  • Introduction：路燕，1975年生，女，副教授，研究方向为智能信息处理。E-mail：luyan@sdust.edu.cn
Yan LU*

Resümee

Hyperspectral images have relatively large changes in intra-class spectra, and the “same material, different spectra” phenomena are widespread. Moreover, classification accuracy is low when only the original spectral features are considered, and the “pepper and salt phenomenon” can be observed in the classification result map. In the attempt to improve the classification result, the spectral and spatial information of a hyperspectral image needs to be fully utilized to reduce the spectral changes within the class and expand the spectral difference between classes. Thus, in this study, we propose a spectral–spatial hyperspectral image classification method with rolling guidance recursive filtering. First, principal component analysis (PCA) is used to reduce the dimension of the hyperspectral image, in which the main components with large amounts of information are maintained for the input image of the next step. Second, the Gaussian filter is adopted to blur the input image and eliminate the small-scale structure. Third, recursive filtering is performed on the input image to preserve the edge of the image, in which the guidance image is the blurred image, and then the output result is treated as the new guidance image. The process is repeated iteratively until the large-scale edge is restored. Finally, the extracted feature bands of the hyperspectral image are used for classification by a support vector machine. Indian Pines and University of Pavia datasets were initially used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed rolling guidance recursive filtering (RGRF) method. As shown by the homogeneous regions inFigs. 5 and 6, the noise phenomenon is severe when the extracting feature of PCA is used, whereas the noise is effectively removed when rolling guidance filtering (RGF) and RGRF are utilized. However, at the strong edges, the boundary is blurred and irregular and the spatial smoothness is excessive for RGF. By contrast, the boundary is clear and the strong edges are protected for RGRF. Then, the proposed method is compared with related classification methods by using two real hyperspectral image datasets. The comparative results in Tables 1 and 2 indicate that RGRF can improve classification accuracy more effectively than the other methods. Subsequently, McMemar test was performed to analyze the statistical significance and verify the comparative results. As shown in Tables 3 and 4, the correlations of RGRF with the other methods are statistically significant, and the values exceed p>1.96. The McMemar values inTables 3 and 4 increase with the decrease in number of samples, which indicates that the advantages of using RGRF becomes more obvious in the case of fewer samples. This study presents an improved edge-preserving filtering method named RGRF. Compared with the other filtering methods, RGRF can maintain the edge structures of land covers and eliminate the texture and noise information within these land covers. RGRF effectively uses the recursive filtering method instead of the bilateral filtering method (i.e., of the RGF method) in each iteration. In this manner, the continuous spreading of texture and noise information across the strong edges is avoided. Moreover, considering that image quality is significantly improved after RGRF filtering, the classification accuracy of the hyperspectral image is also greatly enhanced. Classification experiments were performed on two real hyperspectral datasets. The results indicate that the classification accuracy of RGRF is superior to the other hyperspectral image classification methods. Moreover, RGRF can achieve higher classification accuracy when only few training samples are used.

Schlüsselwort

hyperspectral image classification;rolling guidance recursive filtering;feature extraction;principal component analysis

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