Früher|Nächster

Application and trend analysis of remote sensing technology for earthquake emergency investigation

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    National Institute of Natural Hazards Ministry of Emergency Management of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100085, China

  • Email：liqiang08@163.com
  • Introduction：李强，研究方向为遥感地震应急、应急评估的理论和应用。E-mail： liqiang08@163.com
LI Qiang1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Twenty First Century Aerospace Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing 100096, China

GENG Dan2,  
  • Affiliation：

    National Institute of Natural Hazards Ministry of Emergency Management of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100085, China

ZHANG Jingfa1,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    National Institute of Natural Hazards Ministry of Emergency Management of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100085, China

  • Email：xiaolongzhu1900@hotmail.com
  • Introduction：龚丽霞，研究方向为遥感地震应急、SAR震害信息识别理论和应用。E-mail： xiaolongzhu1900@hotmail.com
GONG Lixia1*

Resümee

Earthquakes are sudden natural disasters that cause great loss of human life and property. However, starting an emergency response and carrying out rapid assessment of the disaster situation during the first few moments after an earthquake can effectively reduce the damage caused by the earthquake. Space Earth Observation Technology plays an important role in earthquake emergency because of its macro, fast, and wide coverage. With the continuous development of space earth observation technology and data processing technology, scholars worldwide have conducted several in-depth research on the extraction of earthquake damage information in the remote sensing emergency process. However, in actual emergency operations, a universal workflow does not exist. To promote in-depth and real operational efficiency of remote sensing earthquake emergency work, the problems in remote sensing emergency work are analyzed, and the future development trend of remote sensing earthquake emergency is put forward, so as to make the application of remote sensing technology in earthquake prevention and disaster reduction efficient. The timeliness of remote sensing emergency to a certain extent affects the efficiency and accuracy of decision-making that is vital in emergency assistance. At different stages of a disaster, the demand for remote sensing images, such as spatial resolution and time resolution, varies. In view of the application of remote sensing technology in earthquake emergency investigation, we analyze the application of remote sensing technology in the process of earthquake emergency by means of a literature review. According to the classification of optical remote sensing image and SAR image, we analyze and introduce the methods of earthquake damage information investigation using different type of remote sensing images, such as supervision classification, change detection, and depth learning.In the recognition of earthquake damage information, high-resolution optical remote sensing images usually only use their spectral features, ignoring the application of spatial distribution features and geometric features. Traditional pixel based classification methods are easy to contain salt and pepper effect in the classification results, so it is necessary to develop object-based multi feature knowledge driven classification technology on this basis. Therefore, the method of combining object-oriented analysis and knowledge integration will become the mainstream method of earthquake disaster extraction and evaluation in the future. For SAR images, the seismic damage evaluation of single temporal SAR images mainly focuses on the average seismic damage evaluation in blocks, and there is less research on the imaging mechanism, feature performance and information extraction of single buildings. After the earthquake, the earthquake damage targets are complex and diverse. In order to fully realize the automatic extraction of earthquake damage targets based on remote sensing images, it still needs the continuous improvement and development of the algorithm.Traditional change detection methods are mainly aimed at the same type of sensors. The effective combination and interactive utilization of remote sensing image data from different sources is also the development trend in the future. The characteristic information of earthquake damage targets with different degrees of earthquake damage in remote sensing images is also different. The feature-based object-oriented change detection method can make full use of the feature information of the image and effectively improve the accuracy of seismic damage identification. Therefore, the focus of multi temporal image change detection is the effective application of spatial features in object level change detection.We then summarize the existing problems and discuss the main difficulties faced by remote sensing earthquake emergency and the solutions from three aspects. Combined with real-time orbit data and practical work, the paper analyzes the future development trend of remote sensing technology in earthquake prevention and disaster reduction from the aspects of multi-technology combination of intelligent disaster identification, multi-source data collaborative analysis, and development of agile satellite. Through this approach, we promote remote sensing monitoring means to provide dynamic, real-time, and continuous space information emergency service, and improve the rapid development of earthquake emergency work response, refinement, and business application. This research can provide a good reference for the scientific research and business application of multi-source remote sensing technology in earthquake emergency investigation, and give more efficient play to the applicability and level of remote sensing technology in earthquake prevention and disaster reduction.

Schlüsselwort

remote sensing;Earthquake;emergency investigation;emergency special products;earthquake damage information extraction

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