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Glacier lake extraction and variation analysis of the Bujiagangri glacier based on the NDWI-NDSI combination threshold method

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China

  • Email：binyan@my.swjtu.edu.cn
  • Introduction：闫斌，研究方向为雷达干涉测量。E-mail： binyan@my.swjtu.edu.cn
YAN Bin,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China

  • Email：lemon_gg@hotmail.com
  • Introduction：贾洪果，研究方向为雷达干涉测量。E-mail： lemon_gg@hotmail.com
JIA Hongguo*,  
  • Affiliation：

    Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China

REN Wenjing,  
  • Affiliation：

    Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China

WU Renzhe,  
  • Affiliation：

    Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China

HUANG Xinru

Resümee

Glaciers are precious solid freshwater resource for humans. Since the 1990s, the glaciers in China have been in accelerating trend in melting due to global warming, so as to increase the sizes of surrounding ice lakes and form new ice lakes. This may result in geological disasters because glacial lake outburst have the characteristics of suddenness, great destructiveness, short duration, and wide distribution. Hence many research work has focused on the monitoring glacial lake changes.This study proposed an improved method to extract ice lakes based on the NDWI-NDSI combination. In this study, the NDSI (Normalized Difference Snow Index) was used to generate the land masks to separate the lands (foreground) and the mixed regions of land and ice (background). Then the threshold segmentation of masked NDWI was conducted in order to precisely extract the areas of glaciers. In the evaluation experiment, the ice lakes of the Bujiagangri glaciers located in the eastern section of Tanggula in southeastern Tibet were used as study region and 16 Landsat images covering the study area from 1988 to 2018 were used as test data. The experiment results indicated that the proposed method in this study can effectively extract the glaciers and reduce the misclassification compared with the methods using NDWI. By the proposed method, it can be found: (1) the area of the ice lakes has increased nearly 2 times (from about 2.7666 km² to about 5.2308 km²) due to the glacier evolution; (2) the annual increase rates of the areas of glacial lakes in this region is about 0.1230 km²/yr; (3) among the 12 glacial lakes, L-04, L-05 and L-10 glacial lakes have the largest areas (0.5—1.0 km²) and enlargement areas (0.5—1.0 km²). This indicated that the glaciers have greatly rapidly melted and severely retreated in the past 30 years, which may result in potential threats to the personal and property safety of downstream residents and Sichuan Tibet Highway (G317). Further investigations will be conducted to verify the usability of the proposed method in this study in other regions containing the glaciers with different geographic conditions.

Schlüsselwort

Glacier;global warming;glacial lake changes;Bujiagangri;glacial lake disaster;NDWI-NDSI

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