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Feasibility analysis and preliminary results of formaldehyde retrieval based on Environmental trace gases Monitoring Instrument onboard GF-5 satellite

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Aerospace Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

    National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China

  • Email：wangyp@radi.ac.cn
  • Introduction：王雅鹏，1990年生，女，工程师，研究方向为大气成分遥感反演算法。E-mail：wangyp@radi.ac.cn
WANG Yapeng123,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Aerospace Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

  • Email：taojh@aircas.ac.cn
  • Introduction：陶金花，1978年生，女，副研究员，研究方向为大气遥感反演方法研究和应用。E-mail：taojh@aircas.ac.cn
TAO Jinhua1*,  
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Aerospace Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

CHENG Liangxiao12,  
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Aerospace Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

YU Chao1,  
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Aerospace Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

FAN Meng1,  
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Aerospace Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

ZHANG Ying1,  
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Aerospace Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

CHEN Yuanlin12,  
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Aerospace Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

ZHU Lili1,  
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Aerospace Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

GU Jianbin1,  
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Aerospace Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

CHEN Liangfu12

Resümee

Onboard the Chinese GF-5 satellite, Environmental trace gas Monitoring Instrument (EMI) is a nadir-viewing wide-field spectrometer that measures solar back-scattered earthshine radiances in the ultraviolet and visible spectra range. It was launched on 9 May 2018, and aims to quantify the global distribution of tropospheric and stratospheric trace gases. Meanwhile, formaldehyde (HCHO) is an intermediate oxidation reaction of various Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the atmosphere, which is important for the formation of tropospheric ozone and secondary organic aerosols. Previous studies have proven that HCHO can be used as a tracer for VOCs in the absence of other VOC observations. Therefore, the monitoring of HCHO is essential for air quality. The spectral range of EMI covers HCHO absorption signature at 320—360 nm, with the potential for HCHO detection.We have evaluated the requirements and feasibility for HCHO retrieval based on simulation. We find that the irradiance of EMI is effectively calibrated with smaller wavelength shift. However, compared with OMI and TROPOMI, the FWHM and wavelength shifts of EMI are highly dependent on the cross-track positions. On the basis of the EMI Level 1 spectral quality evaluation, the Differential Optical Absorption Spectrometry (DOAS) method is used for HCHO retrieval. HCHO Slant Column Densities (SCDs) are initially obtained by spectral fitting, and then the SCDs are converted to Vertical Column Densities (VCDs) using Air–Mass Factors (AMFs) at 340 nm. We perform a wavelength adjustment procedure by using the solar Fraunhofer lines from a highly accurate reference solar atlas prior to the spectral fitting procedure to account for the influence of pixel-dependent wavelength shifts on HCHO SCDs. In the EMI HCHO spectral fitting procedure, the fitting interval is set to 328.5—346 nm with a fifth-order polynomial. The absorption cross-section of HCHO and the interfering species O3, NO2, BrO, O4, and the ring cross section calculated by the QDOAS Ring tool are included in the fitting process. All absorption cross-sections are convoluted with the EMI FWHM, according to the corresponding cross-track position.Simulation results demonstrate that HCHO retrieval is prone to noise, and the nominal SNR of EMI UV2 band is lower, leading to larger random error in the HCHO SCD retrieval as well as the fit residual. The SCD uncertainty of EMI HCHO is 1.2×1016 molec./cm2. The preliminary results of formaldehyde retrieval derived from EMI show that EMI can captures the spatial distribution of HCHO. The comparison of EMI and TROPOMI and EMI and OMI shows consistency in spatial, with the correlation coefficient larger than 0.8. However, EMI HCHO is generally higher than OMI and TROPOMI over east China, probably resulting from the imperfect wavelength calibration and the contamination of the remaining cloud after cloud screening. The results demonstrated the potential of EMI for HCHO retrieval in summer.

Schlüsselwort

remote sensing;GF-5;EMI;HCHO;DOAS;air quality

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