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Accuracy evaluation of large lake water level measurement based on GF-7 laser altimetry data

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100048, China

    Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China

  • Email：ligy@lasac.cn
  • Introduction：李国元，1984年生，男，副研究员，研究方向为卫星激光测高及水资源遥感。E-mail： ligy@lasac.cn
LI Guoyuan,  
  • Affiliation：

    Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100048, China

    Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China

TANG Xinming

Resümee

Lake level elevation and variation are important indicators for the global climate change, and satellite altimetry especially the laser altimetry data is a valuable data source. GF-7 laser altimeter as the first business application load with full-waveform can be used to measure the lake level, except for elevation control points. To evaluate the GF-7 satellite laser altimetry data on the lake, the basic parameters are introduced, and the relative and elevation accuracy of ICESat and ICESat-2 laser points located on large lakes is compared. The absolute elevation accuracy is analyzed by the field surveying result.A method to extract the GF-7 satellite laser altimetry points located on a large lake with high precision and reliability is presented, and the side-sway of the satellite, the atmospheric scatter, and echo waveform saturation that influence the elevation accuracy are discussed. The laser point with 1° side-angle can induce 0.106 m elevation error and the points on the lake less than 0.3° side-angle can be used to measure the lake level. The unique footprint image of GF-7 satellite is introduced to extract the laser points located on the lake. It can be used to judge the location of the laser point, whether it is in the lake or on the land and whether it is influenced by the cloud or dense fog and haze. Moreover, the saturation of echo waveform and the error elimination by median absolute deviation are introduced to ensure the reliability of the laser points.The absolute elevation accuracies of beam 1 and beam 2 are -0.030±0.109 m and -0.195±0.049 m, respectively, according to the field RTK-GPS surveying on the frozen Hulun Lake. The internal consistency of GF-7 laser points is better than that of ICESat laser points on Qinghai Lake, and beam 1 is slightly better than beam 2, with standard deviation of 0.056 and 0.080 m, respectively, which are equal to ICESat’s 0.079 m. Compared with ICESat-2, the lake surface points of GF-7 are sparser, but the accuracy is the same. The mean difference between the two beams of GF-7 and ICESat-2 in the same area of Hala Lake in adjacent time is -5.2 and -8.0 cm, respectively.The laser altimeter of GF-7 satellite can effectively obtain the water level of large lakes, and the relative and absolute elevation accuracy of GF-7 satellite laser altimetry points after extraction is equal to the ICESat and ICESat-2 laser points in the large lake. Under certain conditions, GF-7 laser altimeter can measure lake water level in terms of accuracy, but some problems, such as low repetition frequency of laser and weak observation ability, still exist. The conclusion can be viewed as reference for the next generation laser altimetry satellite, such as the land and sea laser satellite of China. Also, the combined of different satellite laser altimetry data on the lake maybe an effective way for the future application.

Schlüsselwort

GF-7;satellite laser altimetry;ICESat-2;lake water level;accuracy evaluation

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