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The near-space altitude experiment for satellite radiometric calibration and the first results

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

  • Email：wangning@aircas.ac.cn
  • Introduction：王宁，研究方向为热红外遥感、高光谱遥感以及遥感载荷定标。E-mail： wangning@aircas.ac.cn
WANG Ning1,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

  • Email：mall@aircas.ac.cn
  • Introduction：马灵玲，研究方向为遥感定标与真实性检验、高光谱遥感数据处理。E-mail： mall@aircas.ac.cn
MA Lingling1*,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

LIU Qiang1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

ZHAO Yongguang1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

TENG Geer1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

LIU Yaokai1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

GAO Caixia1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory in Optical Calibration and Characterization, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China

LIU Enchao2,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

ZHANG Donghui1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

LI Jingmei1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

WANG Renfei1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

ZHANG Beibei1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

GAO Hailiang1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China

WU Hua3,  
  • Affiliation：

    China Centre for Resources Satellite Data and Application, Beijing 100094, China

HAN Qijin4,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

ZHANG Taihua1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

YANG Yanchu1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

NIU Yifang1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Inner Mongolia North Heavy Industries Group Corp. LTD, Baotou 014033, China

ZHENG Qingchuan5,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

OUYANG Guangzhou1

Resümee

On-orbit calibration and performance monitoring of satellite remote sensing payloads call for the support of the radiometric calibration source, which has high stability, reliability, and traceability. One of the most effective ways to improve the accuracy of on-orbit radiometric calibration is to move the radiometric benchmark from the laboratory to a space-borne platform to form “calibration satellites,” such as “THUTHS,” “CLARREO,” and the Chinese “LIBRA.” Then, the simultaneous nadir overpass observations obtained from the calibration satellite and other satellites can be employed to transfer the benchmark to other satellites. However, up to now, all of the abovementioned projects are at the research and development stage. At present, no operational satellites can be used to validate the benchmark transfer chain, which is one of the core functions of future calibration satellites. Given that the high-altitude scientific balloon has the advantages of being close to TOA observations, long-term regional flight, and recyclability, it can be regarded as an optional platform for space radiometric benchmarks. This study examined the composition of the demonstration system that can operate at a near-space altitude, with the high-altitude scientific balloon as a platform and a radiometer covering the spectrum range of 400—2500 nm as the main Earth observation instrument. A flight experiment was also performed by utilizing this system in Da-Qaidam in Qinghai Province. During the flight, the position and attitude data of the balloon platform and the observed radiance data were obtained and fully recorded. These data were initially used to analyze the stability of the high-altitude scientific balloon platform and the radiometer in near-space. Results revealed that during the whole flight, the radiometer was in a stable environment and worked well. Then, a general method of satellite radiometric calibration with the balloon observation in near-space was established in consideration of balloon flight tracks that are difficult to fully control. The uncertainty of the proposed method reached 3.15%—3.35% and 4.60%—4.75% in the uniform and mountain areas, respectively. A comparison with MODIS and GF-6/WFI synchronous observations was performed to confirm the reliability of the uncertainty analysis. The satellite and balloon observations showed good agreement with each other. The successful flight experiment revealed the feasibility of using high-altitude scientific balloons as a space radiometric benchmark-carrying platform. It can also serve as a reference for the further development of near-space-borne radiometric benchmark transfer calibration systems.

Schlüsselwort

remote sensing;Near-space;high-altitude science balloon;radiometric calibration;field experiment

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