Songnen Plain which lies in northeast China

is the important grain production base for China

precision agriculture

serious soil erosion and quantitatively remote sensing thirst for soil spatiotemporal variation

but traditional chemical analysis method can not satisfy the need

because of little points

slow test rate and limited measuring area.Soil spectral reflectance is the compositive reflection of soil physical and chemical properties

and many studies have predicted soil properties with soil hyperspectral reflectance.Soil reflectance and its models are different for places

while the physical models

such as soil BRDF models

have been used to describe the spectral changes caused by soil surface physical variation

can not depict the spectral characteristics with different soil chemical compositions quantitatively.To quickly acquire the physical and chemical properties of typical soils in Songnen Plain

and provide the spatiotemporal soil information for quantitative remote sensing

precision agriculture and other related studies

Nongan county

which is the typical area in Songnen Plain

was selected to study the spectral characteristics of different soils.It is black soil Zone in Heilongjiang province to be selected to study the effect of physical and chemical properties on single soil spectral characteristics.Soil organic matter

including total N

total Fe and water content were measured with traditional chemical methods.Laboratory spectral reflectance between 400—2500 nm was measured with ASD FieldSpec 3 pectroradiometers.Soil hyperspectral reflectance was continuum removed

and its derivate was calculated.Spectral indices relating to soil parameters were extracted with spectral analysis methods.Then the spectral characteristics of typical soils in Songnen Plain

and their relationship with soil physical and chemical properties were analyzed.Soil properties predicting models based on spectral indices were built

and the Black soil reflectance simulating models were built with the extracted spectral controlling points.The results show that: the spectral differences among soils in Songnen Plain are mainly at the two absorption vales

the wavelength domains are 450—600 nm and 600—800 nm.Organic matter is the determining factor of Black soil reflecting spectral characteristics.Fe is not important to the spectral characteristics of soils in Songnen Plain

which is different from the case in south China.With growing soil moisture

soil reflectance decreases and increases

because of water specular effect

and the process of moisture effect on soil reflectance

the inflection point can be described quantitatively with cubic functions.The soil parameter predicting models basing on soil reflectance and its spectral characteristics can be used for soil parameter quickly measuring.As the correlation between organic matter and total N in Songnen Plain is significant

total N content of soils can be characterized with the result of organic matter spectral prediction.The Black soil reflectance simulating model（linear

quadratic）

which is based on the extracted spectral controlling points at 450

500

590

660

930 nm

describes the spectral characteristics of Black soil precisely

and can be used for hyperspectral data compression

hyperspectral reflectance reconstruction with multispectral data.