In the past 50 years

global Earth observation has formed strong technological abilities and comprehensive systems

and played a significant role in different fields. With in-depth research on land

atmosphere and oceans

a new strategic demand for Earth Observation from space is coming forth from Earth system science and global change research. In this paper

we have proposed a new series of satellites-scientific satellites for global change research

which includes the following six satellites: atmospheric carbon satellite

aerosol satellite

night-light satellite

forest biomass satellite

glacier satellite and ocean salinity satellite; and we have presented our new suggestion entitled of "Establishing a Moon-based Earth observation system"

which focuses on the observation of large scale geoscientific phenomena for its several unique advantages. Meanwhile

we have introduced our idea of a "Earth observation for the three poles environment comparison research"

which approaches to study global change with new Earth observation techniques including Moon-based platform and scientific satellites.