From remote sensing archaeology to space archaeology: A new task in the era of cultural heritage protection

Xinyuan WANG; Lei LUO

doi:10.11834/jrs.20200016

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From remote sensing archaeology to space archaeology: A new task in the era of cultural heritage protection
Vol. 24, Issue 7, Pages: 837-841(2020)
Received：19 January 2020，

Published：07 July 2020
DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20200016
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王心源,骆磊.2020.从遥感考古走向空间考古——文化遗产保护时代的新任务.遥感学报,24(7): 837-841 DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20200016.

Wang X Y and Luo L. 2020. From remote sensing archaeology to space archaeology: A new task in the era of cultural heritage protection. Journal of Remote Sensing(Chinese)，24(7): 837-841[DOI：10.11834/jrs.20200016] DOI：

摘要

基于遥感考古发展历程与主要进展分析，提出从遥感考古走向空间考古的认识，构划空间考古内涵、主要研究内容与实验区选择。空间考古既是适应文化遗产保护需求的新任务、新发展与新使命，也是文化、科学与技术融合发展的一支新学科，将促进“一带一路”的建设，并为提升中国参与全球治理软实力贡献力量。

Abstract

In the past century

remote sensing has been of particular interest for archaeological specialists and the public because of the combination of three key points of archaeologicalresearch objects

space

and time. Remote sensing has become an important and powerful tool for helping archaeologists to explore and understand cultural and archaeological sites

discovering and monitoring archaeological sites

documenting and preserving cultural heritage

and resolving real archaeological problems. Recently

the focus of remote sensing-based archaeological applications has moved away from survey

mapping

monitoring

and documentation to the deep-mining of archaeological big data

archaeological knowledge (re-) discovery and understanding

and settlement pattern analysis and archaeolandscape reconstruction. These improvements and transformations have been jointly pushing remote sensing archaeology toward a new stage of space archaeology. In this study

the major achievements in remote sensing that is used for cultural heritage conservation are reviewed. Then

a brief dissection of connotations

tasks

methods

and potentials of the new paradigm of space archaeology is provided. The research object of space archaeology is the culture–space or human–land complex containing the remains of anthrophonic production

living activities

and their supporting eco-environments. Space archaeology

a new subfield of archaeology

has the technical advantages and disciplinary characteristics of shaping the unique cognition of cultural heritage. Space archaeology represents an invaluable set of powerful tools for prospecting

monitoring and documentation. It also supports the conservation of archaeological and cultural heritage sites and their supporting environments. The establishment and construction of space archaeology need experimental areas and bases. On the one hand

this study presents the layout of the experimental areas of “three lines and four zones” for domestic research on the basis of the comprehensive consideration of the occurrence conditions of cultural heritage sites in China

the characteristics of human production and living activities that took place in the sites

and the adaptability and differences of methods and approaches in space archaeology. The three lines are the Grand Canal

the Great Wall

and the Silk Road. The four zones are the desert environment in northwest China

the semi-humid valley landscape in central China

the wetland landscape in south China

and the farming-pastoral ecotone in northeast and northwest China. On the other hand

three international experiment areas are given priority for carrying out the demonstrations of space archaeology based on historical

natural and cultural

social and economic backgrounds and the current physical geographical conditions of Eurasia and Africa. These experimental areas are Southeast China and Southeast Asia

Northwest China and Central and South Asia

North Africa

and the Mediterranean Regions. The delimitation of these experimental areas contribute to the integration and cross innovation of different disciplines in the fields of culture

science

and technology. On the basis of the analysis of the research progress and current development of spatial information technology

this study puts forward the cognition from remote sensing archaeology to space archaeology and describes the connotation of space archaeology

the main research content

and the suggestion on domestic and international experimental regions. Space archaeology not only discusses with the need to adapt to the new tasks

new development

and new disciplines under the era of conservation and sustainable development of cultural heritage. It also deals with the requirement and mission of culture

science

and technology to promote the construction of “One Belt and One Road” and to contribute to improving the soft-power of participating in global governance. Space archaeology should contribute its unique strength and value to the conservation and development of cultural heritage in the new era.

关键词

Keywords

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