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Received：30 September 2020，
Published：07 December 2022
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不同极化的合成孔径雷达SAR（Synthetic Aperture Radar）数据对地物具有不同响应，利用极化信息可提升InSAR的地表形变监测能力。针对利用免费Sentinel-1数据的双极化信息进行地表形变监测这一问题，本文提出了一种基于双极化Sentinel-1数据的自适应极化时序InSAR技术方法PolPSI（Polarimetric Persistent Scatterer Interferometry）。该方法针对研究区永久散射体PS（Persistent Scatterer）与分布式散射体DS（Distributed Scatterer）的不同特点，基于不同优化准则分别进行自适应极化优化，得到极化优化干涉图并进行地表形变监测。为了证明方法的有效性，以上海市浦东国际机场为研究区，基于34景双极化（VV-VH）Sentinel-1影像进行了实验。结果表明，所提出方法在降低干涉图相位噪声、提升干涉质量的同时较好地保持了地物边缘细节，相较于常规的时序PS与DS技术，提出PolPSI技术获取的变形监测点密度分别提高了103.0%和30.8%，更加详细地反演了机场区域变形状况。综上所述，本文提出的基于双极化Sentinel-1数据PolPSI方法通过对极化信息的利用与挖掘，可一定程度上提高Sentinel-1数据在地表形变监测应用中的能力。
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data from different polarization channels have distinct responses to ground objects. The surface deformation monitoring capabilities of the conventional single-polarization InSAR technology can be improved by using multi-polarization SAR data. Existing studies have compared the deformation monitoring capabilities of different polarization data (VV-VH) for dual-polarization Sentinel-1 data or optimized a certain scattering target based on a single quality criterion to improve its interference phase quality
which is supposed to have better performance than conventional persistent scatterer interferometry (PSI) approaches. However
the potential of dual-polarized Sentinel-1 data was not fully realized. To this end
this work proposes an adaptive polarimetric persistent scatterer interferometry method (PolPSI) based on dual-polarization Sentinel-1 data. In the PolPSI method
the persistent scatterer target and distributed scattering target are adaptively optimized to obtain optimized interferograms
and they are used as bases to monitor surface deformation. Besides
in this study
we simultaneously applies PSI
DSI
and PolPSI method for Shanghai Pudong International Airport deformation monitoring
by using 34 scenes of dual-polarization (VV-VH) Sentinel-1 images
and combining the information from both VV and VH channels
the polarimetric persistent scatterer interferometry (PolPSI) techniques is supposed to achieve better ground deformation monitoring results than conventional PSI techniques (using only VV channel) and DSI techniques (using MMSE polarization filtering). Based on results obtained
the different characteristics of PolPSI techniques have been discussed. The results show that the use of the PolPSI algorithm can effectively improve the interferometric phase quality of scatterers. Thus
more qualified pixels can be used for ground deformation estimation by PolPSI methods with respect to the PSI technique and the DSI techniques. Specifically
in comparison with the conventional PSI and DSI technologies
the densities of the monitored pixels obtained by the PolPSI technology in this work increased by 103% and 30.8%
respectively
which can better invert the deformation in some local parts of the airport area. What’s more
PSI
and DSI
and PolPSI
the three types of InSAR techniques’ monitoring deformation is consistent. Indicate that the monitoring result of PolPSI is reliable
and it’s the most efficient method among these three methods. On the other hand
all scatterers’ optimal scattering parameter histograms show that PolPSI is the first choice for the area with abundant deterministic scatterers. Therefore
the PolPSI method based on dual-polarization Sentinel-1 data proposed in this work can improve the ability of Sentinel-1 data in the application of surface deformation monitoring by utilizing and mining polarization information.
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