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Received：01 June 2021，
Published：07 May 2022
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高分多模卫星搭载中国首台民用大气同步校正仪，可以对同平台的高分辨率相机观测区域进行时间同步、视场覆盖的大气参数测量，实现对高分辨率图像的大气校正。文章论述了高分多模卫星大气同步校正的总体设计思路，并给出了时空同步、多谱段、多偏振通道探测体制的设计方案和地面验证结果。高分多模卫星入轨以后，对大气同步校正仪的大气参数反演效果和高分辨率图像的校正效果进行了分析，结果表明利用大气同步校正仪测量数据对大气气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）和大气水汽含量（CWV）的反演结果可信，对高分辨率图像有较好的大气校正效果。
The high-resolution multi-mode satellite (GFDM) is equipped with China’s first civil-using Synchronization Monitoring Atmosphere Corrector (SMAC). This satellite can acquire the atmospheric parameters of the same observation area of the high-resolution camera and achieve accurate correction for the image taken by the high-resolution camera. This study discusses the overall design ideas of synchronization atmospheric correction for high-resolution multi-mode satellites. The design schemes of time-space synchronization
multi-spectrum
multi-polarization channel detection system
and the verification results on ground and on orbit are presented.
GFDM satellite has the capability of rapid attitude maneuvering. Thus
it can realize efficient and flexible observation of ground targets
which greatly improves its imaging efficiency. However
this feature also brings new requirement for the assurance of the quality of the high-resolution images obtained by the satellite. When the satellite takes photograph at a larger angle
the atmospheric transmission path of light from ground observing target increases. This condition will cause greater impact on the image’s modulation transfer function and different adjacent pixel effect compared with the situation of sub-satellite point viewing. GFDM satellite adopts a space-ground integrated atmospheric synchronization correction solution to obtain remote sensing image data products with high radiation accuracy and high commercial value. SMAC is equipped on GFDM to obtain atmospheric detecting data that strictly match the image obtained by the high-resolution camera temporally and spatially. The spectrum band and polarization channel design and the key performance control measures of SMAC during its manufacturing process fully consider the subsequent ground atmospheric retrieval requirements. The ground atmospheric retrieval algorithm also considers the design properties of SMAC. Through this cooperation between the two important processes
more accurate atmospheric parameters can be provided for the atmospheric correction of high-resolution images of GFDM. This study gives the scheme design
main technical properties
and ground test results of SMAC. A radiation comparison between SMAC and ground-based solar/sky radiometer was conducted on ground
and good experimental results were achieved.
GFDM satellite was launched to orbit on July 3
2020. On the first day (the 6th orbit circle) after launch
an initial status check was performed. On the second day
the SMAC started the atmosphere detection and the detected data were downloaded to ground. The ground application system used these detection data to perform atmospheric parameter inversion and image atmospheric correction. The atmospheric parameter inversion results and the effect of atmospheric correction of high-resolution images were examined. The comparison between the measurement data from the global AERONET site shows that the inversion results of atmospheric aerosol optical thickness and atmospheric water vapor content based on SMAC detection data are credible. Using the inverted atmospheric parameter
a good atmospheric correction effect on high-resolution images can be achieved
detailed information of the satellite images is significantly restored
and the ground object reflectance is effectively improved. These results all effectively support the subsequent quantification application of GFDM high-resolution image data. The successful application of SMAC in-orbit also provides a reference for the subsequent satellites which need to improve their quantitative application level.
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