Accuracy evaluation of wave spectrum inversion based on Sentinel-1 and GF-3 SAR data

WAN Yong; MA Ennan; QU Ruozhao; DAI Yongshou

doi:10.11834/jrs.20221503

Progress of Satellite Ocean Remote Sensing in China | Views : 0 下载量: 1712 CSCD: 1

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Accuracy evaluation of wave spectrum inversion based on Sentinel-1 and GF-3 SAR data
Vol. 27, Issue 4, Pages: 891-904(2023)
Received：28 July 2021，

Published：07 April 2023
DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20221503
稿件说明：

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万勇，马恩男，曲若钊，戴永寿.2023.哨兵1号和高分三号SAR数据海浪谱反演精度评估.遥感学报，27（4）： 891-904 DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20221503.

Wan Y， Ma E N， Qu R Z and Dai Y S. 2023. Accuracy evaluation of wave spectrum inversion based on Sentinel-1 and GF-3 SAR data. National Remote Sensing Bulletin， 27（4）：891-904 DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20221503.

摘要

合成孔径雷达SAR（Synthetic Aperture Radar）是一种重要的海浪观测手段，研究其SAR图像海浪谱反演结果的精度，是其广泛应用于海浪观测的前提。欧洲航天局ESA（European Space Agency）的哨兵1号卫星（Sentinel-1）和中国自主研发的高分三号卫星（GF-3）是目前在轨运行的两颗SAR卫星，利用两颗卫星的SAR数据反演海浪和风场参数是目前国内外研究团队最为关注的问题之一。本文重点研究并对比了哨兵1号卫星SAR IW模式（Interferometric Wide swath）和GF-3卫星SAR条带模式数据海浪谱反演的精度。选取印度洋海上丝绸之路海域和太平洋、大西洋近岸海域不同海况下的两卫星SAR数据进行海浪参数反演，将反演结果分别与欧洲天气预报中心ECMWF（European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecasts）的ERA-5数据和浮标海浪数据进行了对比，结果显示，与ERA-5数据对比，Sentinel-1卫星反演有效波高和平均波周期的均方根误差RMSE（Root Mean Squared Error）分别为0.30 m、0.63 s，GF-3卫星反演有效波高和平均波周期的均方根误差分别为0.37 m、0.99 s；与浮标数据对比，哨兵1号卫星反演有效波高和平均波周期的均方根误差分别为0.40 m、0.91 s，GF-3卫星反演有效波高和平均波周期的均方根误差分别为0.42 m、0.94 s。结果表明，基于海浪谱反演的GF-3卫星与Sentinel-1卫星SAR海浪参数反演精度满足海洋遥感领域的要求，二者海浪谱反演结果精度相当。

Abstract

Ocean wave is one of the important marine dynamic phenomenon that affect human activities. At present

the main observation means include buoy observation

marine numerical prediction model

and microwave remote sensing observation. However

we cannot conduct large-scale observation by buoy

and the marine numerical prediction model’s result is not measured data. Spectrometers and altimeters in microwave remote sensing instruments can also measure spectral parameters. However

SAR

which has a higher resolution

can provide 2D sea surface information. The Sentinel-1 satellite of ESA and GF-3 satellite independently developed by China are now in orbit

and numerous teams are working to retrieve wave parameters from SAR data of these two satellites. In this work

we compared the wave parameter inversion accuracy of Sentinel-1 SAR Interferometric Wide Swath model and GF-3 SAR strip model based on wave spectrum

which provides a reference for the wide application of GF-3 SAR data.

The sea states according to the ERA-5 data of ECMWF are divided into three categories: low

moderate

and high sea states. The sea areas of Hormuz and Malacca Straits of the maritime Silk Road in the Indian Ocean and the coastal waters of the Pacific and Atlantic Ocean are selected as the study areas. Meanwhile

the SAR data of Sentinel-1 and GF-3 satellites under different sea states are selected as the data source. The MPI method is used to retrieve the wave spectrum and wave parameters using the E spectrum as the initial guess. Subsequently

the SAR data inversion results of the two satellites under different sea states are compared with the ERA-5 and buoy wave data. The inversion accuracy of the wave parameters can be verified by calculating the values of the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Scatter Index (SI)

and the inversion accuracy of the wave parameters of the two satellites under different sea conditions can be compared.

The RMSEs of significant wave height (

) retrieved by GF-3 SAR under low

moderate

and high sea conditions are 0.30

0.34

and 0.48 m

and those of mean wave period (

) are 1.02

0.99

and 0.95 s

respectively

compared with the ERA-5 data. In addition

the RMSE of

retrieved by Sentinel-1 SAR under low

moderate

and high sea conditions are 0.30

0.29

and 0.33 m

respectively

and the RMSEs of

are 0.94

0.51

and 0.64 s

respectively. The RMSEs of

and

under different sea conditions retrieved by GF-3 SAR are 0.38 m and 0.99 s

and those of

and

retrieved by Sentinel-1 SAR are 0.31 m and 0.70 s

respectively

compared with the ERA-5 data. The RMSEs of the retrieved

and

of GF-3 satellite are 0.42 m and 0.94 s

and those of the retrieved

and

of Sentinel-1 are 0.40 m and 0.91 s

respectively

compared with the buoy data.

The SAR wave parameter inversion of Sentinel-1 and GF-3 SAR based on the wave spectrum shows that the inversion results of the two satellites meet the index requirements in this field

and the accuracy of the inversion results of wave spectrum is the same. The strip mode SAR data of GF-3 satellite

China’s first self-developed SAR satellite

has broad prospects in marine research fields.

关键词

Keywords

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