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Received：26 September 2021，
Published：07 January 2023
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海洋一号D（HY-1D）卫星搭载了一台海岸带成像仪CZI（Coastal Zone Imager），由两台三反离轴相机组成，成像仪同时采用了视场拼接和光学拼接两种拼接方式。由于CZI高达63°的视场角，相机边缘畸变明显，其所成偏航90°影像存在明显的非线性畸变。本文针对HY-1D卫星海岸带成像仪的结构特点，提出了一种基于探元邻接关系的偏航数据自动标准化方法，有效地改善了海洋一号海岸带成像仪偏航图像非线性畸变的问题，保证了线阵电荷耦合器件CCD（Charged Coupled Device）探元对同一地物成像的理论前提。利用HY-1D海岸带成像仪偏航90°辐射定标数据计算获得相机相对辐射定标系数，对卫星正常推扫影像进行相对辐射定标实验，并利用在轨统计法进行对比实验。使用本文方法利用偏航辐射定标数据进行相对辐射定标后，陆地场景下传感器所有探元最大条纹系数优于0.33%，平均条纹系数优于0.04%，中位数条纹系数优于0.03%；海洋场景下传感器所有探元最大条纹系数优于0.48%，平均条纹系数优于0.07%，中位数条纹系数优于0.06%，各项指标均优于基于大量数据统计的在轨统计法。实验结果表明本文方法有效地提高了HY-1D卫星海岸带成像仪影像的相对辐射定标质量。
The HY-1D satellite is equipped with a Coastal Zone Imager (CZI)
which uses both field-of-view-butting and optical-butting. Due to the CZI's super large 63° field of view
the edge of the camera is distorted obviously
which makes the side-slither images distorted observably nonlinearly. The Lines on side-slither images are not slanted lines close to 45°
but irregular curves with a straight middle and bent edges. The traditional processing algorithm for side-slither images based on LSD (Line Segment Detector) is not suitable for the side-slither image of the HY-1D CZI. Aiming at the structural characteristics of the HY-1D CZI
this paper proposed a method for automatic standardization of side-slither images based on the neighbor relationship of detectors
which effectively resolves the problem of the nonlinear distortion of the HY-1D CZI’s 90 degree side-slither image. Firstly
primary correction is performed on the side-slither image according to the traditional side-slither image processing method; Secondly
starting from the first column of the primary corrected image
the mean square error between the current column and the next column with a sliding window with a certain step size in the row direction is calculated
and the step corresponding to the minimum mean square error is taken as the relative value of the next column. Based on the offset of the current column
the overall offset of each column is determined in turn; Finally
according to the offset calculated in the second step
the enhanced corrected side-slither image is obtained by adjusting the primary corrected image
and then the relative radiometric calibration coefficient of the camera is obtained through histogram matching on images. The relative radiometric calibration experiments are carried out on the normal push-broom images
and the comparison experiments are implemented using the on-orbit statistical method. After using the method we proposed
for land scenes
the maximum streaking coefficient of all sensors in the land scene is smaller than 0.33%
the average streaking coefficient is smaller than 0.04%
and the median streaking coefficient is smaller than 0.03%; For ocean scenes
the maximum streaking coefficient of all the sensors is smaller than 0.48%
the average streaking coefficient is smaller than 0.07%
and the median streaking coefficient is smaller than 0.06%. The experiment shows that all indicators are better than the on-orbit statistical method based on massive statistical data of normal push-broom images
our method effectively improves the relative radiometric quality of the HY-1D CZI.
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