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魏少聪，邢成志，林继楠，宋宇航，胡启后，季祥光，滕佳华，徐宁宁，刘诚.2023.基于高光谱技术的广州市HCHO时空分布和来源定量遥感研究.遥感学报，27（8）： 1844-1855
Wei S C，Xing C Z，Lin J N，Song Y H，Hu Q H，Ji X G，Teng J H，Xu N N and Liu C. 2023. Quantitative remote sensing study on the spatiotemporal distribution and sources of HCHO in Guangzhou based on hyperspectral technology. National Remote Sensing Bulletin， 27（8）：1844-1855
甲醛（HCHO）作为一种重要的大气污染物，不仅会影响区域大气环境质量，还会对人体健康造成危害。然而，目前HCHO的监测手段依然以地面监测为主，缺乏垂直观测阻碍了人们对HCHO垂直演化和高空大气化学过程的深入认识。本文基于搭设于广州地球化学研究所高光谱设备的观测数据，通过最优估计反演算法获得了2020年12月至2021年11月期间的HCHO垂直廓线。研究发现，广州市HCHO浓度在垂直方向呈现出边界层底层（6.61 ppb）>边界层中层（4.76 ppb）>边界层顶层（3.00 ppb）；在时间上表现为夏季（8.58 ppb）>春季（8.50 ppb）>秋季（8.05 ppb）>冬季（5.43 ppb）；不同季节的HCHO垂直日变化特征相似，最高浓度均出现在200 m且呈现出“双峰”变化模式，第一个峰值出现在08：00—10：00，第二个峰值出现在14：00左右。此外，基于遥感数据建立多元线性回归模型实现了对观测期间HCHO背景浓度、一次和二次来源浓度的剥离。研究发现，整个观测期间HCHO二次源浓度（约占64.10%）>背景浓度（约占20.20%）>一次源浓度（约占15.70%）；此外，受VOCs排放浓度与光化学反应强度的影响，夏季二次HCHO浓度占比明显高于冬季。通过对HCHO周末与工作日的垂直日变化特征进行分析，得出广州周末HCHO排放水平并没有表现出明显的下降。本研究可加强对HCHO时空分布特征的深入认识，为污染防控措施的制定提供数据支持。
As an important air pollutant, formaldehyde (HCHO) not only affects the quality of the regional atmospheric environment but also harms human health. However, the current monitoring methods for HCHO are mainly based on surface in situ measurements, and the lack of vertical observations significantly hinders an in-depth understanding of the vertical evolution and chemical processes of HCHO, especially in the upper atmosphere. In this study, we retrieved HCHO vertical profiles by using the optimal estimation method (OEM) and hyperspectral remote sensing instrument measurements in Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry (CAS) from December 2020 to November 2021. The HCHO in the vertical direction varied in the order of lower boundary layer (6.61 ppb) > middle boundary layer (4.76 ppb) > upper boundary layer (3.00 ppb). For the seasonal variation, HCHO varied in the order of summer (8.58 ppb) > spring (8.50 ppb) > autumn (8.05 ppb) > winter (5.43 ppb). The HCHO profiles in different seasons showed similarities in their diurnal variation characteristics. The highest HCHO concentrations usually appeared at 200 m and exhibited a “bi-peak” pattern, with the first peak occurring at 08:00—10:00 and the second occurring around 14:00. We also established a multiple linear regression model based on hyperspectral remote sensing instrument data to classify the measured HCHO to background, primary, and secondary concentrations. The HCHO secondary concentration (~64.10%) was the highest, followed by the background concentration (~20.20%) and primary concentration (~15.70%). The proportion of secondary HCHO in summer was significantly higher than that in winter mainly due to the enhanced VOCs emissions and reactivity of the photochemical process. By analyzing the diurnal variations of HCHO profiles on weekdays and weekends, we concluded that the HCHO emission level in Guangzhou did not significantly decrease during weekends. This study can help further understand the tempo-spatial distribution characteristics of HCHO and provide data support for the formulation of pollution prevention and control measures.
遥感高光谱技术甲醛垂直分布季节变化二次源周末效应广州市
remote sensinghyperspectral remote sensingformaldehydevertical distributionseasonal variationsecondary sourceweekend effectGuangzhou
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