Enhanced visualization for the special illumination in lunar polar region

YING Shen; BI Jiehao; Chen Chi

doi:10.11834/jrs.20233334

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Enhanced visualization for the special illumination in lunar polar region
Pages: 1-16(2023)
Published Online： 03 November 2023 ，
DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20233334

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应申，毕杰皓，陈驰.XXXX.面向月球极区特殊光照条件的地形可视化.遥感学报，XX（XX）： 1-16

YING Shen，BI Jiehao，Chen Chi. XXXX. Enhanced visualization for the special illumination in lunar polar region. National Remote Sensing Bulletin， XX（XX）：1-16
应申，毕杰皓，陈驰.XXXX.面向月球极区特殊光照条件的地形可视化.遥感学报，XX（XX）： 1-16 DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20233334.

YING Shen，BI Jiehao，Chen Chi. XXXX. Enhanced visualization for the special illumination in lunar polar region. National Remote Sensing Bulletin， XX（XX）：1-16 DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20233334.

摘要

月球极区因其特殊的地理位置与地形特征，太阳高度角较低，光照不充分，存在多处长期缺乏直接光照的永久阴影区。现有的影像数据阴影范围过大，导致形貌表现不完全，表现效果较差；若从高程数据出发，直接表现月球极区形貌，则会出现色彩与光影效果不自然、缺乏地形细节等问题。为了更好地开展月球极区的科学研究，行星制图中需要实现一套全面、高效的月球极区形貌可视化制图方法。本文结合高精度激光测高数据，通过晕渲可视化的方法制作晕渲地图，有效地表现月球极区的撞击坑、坑链、月溪等地貌，具有直观、详细、全面的特点。同时，在晕渲可视化地图的基础上进一步处理，如叠加永久阴影区要素，可得到更为清晰明了的专题地图。采用符合人类地理空间认知的月球极区可视化方法，将有助于月球极区科学问题的研究交流以及月球极区探测任务的开展。

Abstract

Due to its special geographic location and topographic features

the lunar polar regions have low solar altitude angles and insufficient illuminations

and there are a number of permanently shadowed regions (PSR) that lack direct solar illumination all the time. These sites may contain large amounts of water ice and are therefore of both scientific importance and utilization. We often use visible-band imagery to visualize the topography of the lunar mid- and low-latitude regions

but this method is poorly effective in the lunar polar regions. Because the shadow range of the existing image data is too large

which leads to incomplete topographic representation and poor human understandings. If the planetary topography of the lunar polar region is directly represented from the elevation data

problems such as unnatural color and light effects and lack of topographic details will occur. Human's intuitive perceptions of the lunar surface mainly come from naked-eye optical observation

telescope optical photography

and remote sensing images from orbiting satellites

which largely shape our geospatial knowledge of the lunar landscape. Migrating these mature geospatial cognitions of the Moon to the lunar polar regions can effectively reduce the cost of understanding the lunar morphology. Therefore

in order to better carry out the scientific exploration on the lunar polar regions

a set of comprehensive

efficient

and human-cognitive-habit-suitable visualization mapping method of the lunar polar regions is needed. In this paper

we combine high-precision laser altimetry data with shading visualization method to create illumination maps

which effectively represent the impact craters

crater chains

rilles and other landforms in the lunar polar regions

and have the characteristics of intuition

detail and comprehensiveness. When visualization operation is carried out

the undulation of complex planetary landforms such as impact craters is comprehensively considered

and the topography is appropriately exaggerated

so that the absolute and relative elevations of the terrain can be reasonably expressed in the shading map. Such a planetary topographic map has a strong sense of three-dimensionality in the visual sense with clear light-shadow relationship

and the elevation expression has a better display effect even in the polar regions

without losing the details of the terrain

which can realize a more satisfactory effect of displaying the terrain features. In this paper

the large-scale topographic maps and local topographic details of the lunar polar regions are created by this method and compared with the corresponding remote sensing images. Moreover

further processes overlaying the permanently shadowed regions on the corresponding shading map can obtain a clearer thematic map. Orthorectified aerial view maps based on grayscale coloring of the elevation not only restores the real planetary topography

but also expresses the relationship between its absolute elevations and its relative height. Enhanced visualization of the lunar polar region aligns with human geospatial cognitions and can depict the topography of the lunar surface objectively and realistically

also this enhanced visualization strengthen the suitable geospatial planetary cognition of map users in accordance with human intentions and minds

which achieve better display effects of large-scale topography and small-scale terrain details. Such topographic shading maps are conducive to providing supports for landing site selection

rover path planning and exploration result display in the lunar polar regions.

关键词

行星制图月球探测月球极区地貌晕渲可视化

Keywords

planetary cartographylunar explorationlunar polar regionshading mapvisualization

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