SAR multi-satellite collaborative complex area observation planning based on improved genetic algorithm

SHI Xin; XING Mengdao; ZHANG Jinsong; LIU Huitao; WANG Hongxian

doi:10.11834/jrs.20243258

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SAR multi-satellite collaborative complex area observation planning based on improved genetic algorithm
Vol. 28, Issue 7, Pages: 1822-1834(2024)
Received：11 July 2023，

Published：07 July 2024
DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20243258
稿件说明：

移动端阅览

石鑫，邢孟道，张金松，刘会涛，王虹现.2024.基于改进遗传算法的SAR多星协同复杂区域观测规划.遥感学报，28（7）： 1822-1834 DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20243258.

Shi X，Xing M D，Zhang J S，Liu H T and Wang H X. 2024. SAR multi-satellite collaborative complex area observation planning based on improved genetic algorithm. National Remote Sensing Bulletin， 28（7）：1822-1834 DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20243258.

摘要

遥感卫星大范围区域观测在地图绘制、灾害救援等领域均具有重要作用。SAR遥感卫星具有不受云雾夜间环境影响的特点，研究SAR多星协同区域观测技术具有重要意义。针对当前缺乏SAR多星协同对复杂区域快速观测规划方法的问题，本文首先对大范围复杂区域覆盖率计算进行分析，提出了结合高斯投影、网格划分与几何运算的复杂区域覆盖率计算方法；然后对SAR条带成像模式进行覆盖分析，提出了结合角度限制和两维分解的候选区域分解方法；最后提出了结合贪婪算法初始化、精英保留策略和3次适应度函数的改进遗传算法用于区域覆盖率优化。本文选取4颗在轨SAR卫星和3个区域目标进行仿真实验，实验结果证明本文方法在北京市、天津市、上海市3个区域都能够实现优异的区域覆盖率优化，相比贪婪算法，本文方法在上述3个区域的覆盖率分别提升3.17%、2.94%、9.02%。该算法可为SAR多星协同区域观测系统的建立提供技术基础。

Abstract

Large-scale regional observations by remote-sensing satellites play an important role in mapping

disaster relief

and other fields. The efficiency of single-satellite observation is low

and multisatellite collaborative observation is the main means for rapidly observing large areas. To date

multisatellite collaborative observation is mostly studied on optical remote-sensing satellites

but research on the collaborative observation of SAR satellites is limited. Moreover

SAR satellites have imaging mechanisms and modes distinct from those of optical satellites

and thus the optical satellite collaborative planning method cannot be fully applied to SAR satellites. For the optimization of the performance of SAR multisatellite collaborative observation

research into SAR multisatellite collaborative regional observation technologies is crucial.

First

the coverage calculation of large-scale complex areas was analyzed

and a complex area coverage calculation method that combines Gaussian projection

grid division

and geometric operations and can realize the coverage calculation of any complex area

was proposed. Then

an accurate coverage analysis was performed on the SAR strip imaging mode

and a candidate area decomposition method combining angle restriction and two-dimensional decomposition was established. Optimization efficiency was improved by reducing the optimization space through angle restriction

and complex continuous optimization problems were discretized through two-dimensional decomposition. These approaches allowed the use of genetic algorithms for optimization. Finally

an improved genetic algorithm combining greedy algorithm initialization

elite retention strategy

and cubic fitness function was formulated for regional coverage optimization. Chromosome encoding

crossover

and mutation operations were designed for optimization

an optimal retention strategy was used to improve optimization speed and stability

and the cubic fitness function was used to improve the optimization effect.

This study selected four on-orbit SAR satellites

namely

GF-3 01

GF-3 02

GF-3 03

and HISEA-1

and three regional targets

namely

Beijing

Tianjin

and Shanghai

for simulation experiments. The simulation time was 5 days

and the orbit data included real TLE data. The SGP4 orbit propagation model was used

and the beam parameters of the SAR satellite were reasonably simulated. Experimental results show that the coverage rates of the proposed method on three regional targets in Beijing

Tianjin

and Shanghai increased by 3.17%

2.94%

and 9.02% compared with the coverage rates obtained with the greedy algorithm. In fine grids

the coverage result of the proposed method in the Shanghai area was 7.3% higher than that of the greedy algorithm.

This study analyzes the SAR multisatellite collaborative complex area coverage planning technology

constructs a feasible SAR multisatellite collaborative complex area observation planning process

and proposes a complex area coverage planning method suitable for the SAR multisatellite strip imaging mode. This algorithm can provide a technical basis for the establishment of a SAR multisatellite collaborative regional planning system. However

the proposed method simplifies constraints at the imaging signal processing level of SAR satellites

and subsequent research will conduct in-depth research on the characteristics of SAR satellite imaging signal processing.

关键词

Keywords

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