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Tropical and subtropical remote sensing： Needs， challenges， and opportunities

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China

  • Email：huilin@cuhk.edu.hk
  • Introduction：林珲 ，1954年生,男,教授, 研究方向为虚拟地理环境和热带与亚热带环境遥感。E-mail: huilin@cuhk.edu.hk
LIN Hui1,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    Department of Geography, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China

  • Email：zhanghs@hku.hk
  • Introduction：张鸿生，1984年生,男,助理教授, 研究方向为热带与亚热带环境遥感。E-mail: zhanghs@hku.hk
ZHANG Hongsheng2*

résumé

Tropical areas are located between the Tropic of Cancer where the sun can directly shine, while subtropical areas are roughly between 40° North and South and the Tropic of Cancer (23° 26 min North and South). The tropical and subtropical regions have rich natural resources while undergoing rapid urbanization. Thus, the ecology and environment in these regions are facing unprecedented challenges. Meanwhile, a large number of natural disasters (e.g., typhoons, droughts, and earthquakes) occur in tropical and subtropical regions, and they threaten the sustainable development of human society and the economy in these areas. The application of remote sensing technologies to comprehensively monitor the tropical and subtropical regions is important to the sustainable development of these areas and even the world. However, remote sensing monitoring needs to overcome special challenges due to the complex geographic conditions of tropical and subtropical regions (e.g., cloudy and rainy throughout the year).This review analyzed 7594 research papers from the Web of Science Core Database and summarizes the state of the art of tropical and subtropical remote sensing, including the demand, status, challenges, and opportunities of tropical and subtropical remote sensing. The techniques of co-citation analysis and term frequency analysis were applied by investigating the clustering characteristics and patterns of the 7594 papers through their lists of references and the frequent terms in the title, abstracts, and keywords. A co-citation relationship network and a term frequency network were established to identify the clusters of research by unsupervised machine learning methods.A total of 22 co-citation clusters and 6 subject clusters were identified. Through an in-depth analysis of these categories, this study summarized (1) the major application topics of tropical and subtropical remote sensing, including urban land surface, tropical rain forest, mangrove, coral, tropical grassland, biodiversity, and natural disasters; and (2) the main remote sensing technologies used in tropical and subtropical regions, including selection of remote sensing data, remote sensing data analysis techniques, solutions to overcome cloud contaminations, and multi-source remote sensing technologies.From the rapid development of modern remote sensing technologies, this study discusses the challenges and future opportunities of tropical and subtropical remote sensing from eight different aspects. (1) Cloud detection, cloud restoration, and sub-pixel unmixing technologies promote the better applications of optical remote sensing in tropical and subtropical areas. (2) Multi-source and -modal fusion technology will bring new opportunities to overcome the problem of cloud contaminations in tropical and subtropical regions with the increasing availability of SAR remote sensing data. (3) Long time-series fusion technology can be used to monitor the tropical and subtropical regions with high temporal resolution and medium-to-high spatial resolution images. (4) New-generation observation satellites from China, Europe, Japan, and United States, as well as aerial remote sensing and UAV platforms, have provided great opportunities. Cloud computing platforms facilitate a long-term comprehensive analysis of full-coverage datasets in tropical and subtropical regions. (5) The in-depth application of tropical and subtropical remote sensing promotes the formation of a more comprehensive interdisciplinary method in Earth system science and sustainable development.

mots-clés

tropical;subtropical;rainforest;mangroves;corals;savanna;natural disasters

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