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Assessment of Antarctic Ice Sheet mass balance from 2005 to 2016

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science (GCESS), Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

    Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China

  • Email：linyijing@mail.bnu.edu.cn
  • Introduction：林依静，研究方向为极地遥感。E-mail： linyijing@mail.bnu.edu.cn
LIN Yijing12,  
  • Affiliation：

    Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China

YU Zhitong2,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science (GCESS), Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

    Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China

    University Corporation for Polar Research, Beijing 100875, China

    Joint Center for Global Change Studies (JCGCS), Beijing 100875, China

  • Email：lyxixi_2003@163.com
  • Introduction：刘岩，研究方向为极地遥感与气候变化。E-mail： lyxixi_2003@163.com
LIU Yan1345*,  
  • Affiliation：

    Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China

    University Corporation for Polar Research, Beijing 100875, China

    School of Geospatial Engineering and Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China

CHENG Xiao346,  
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China

SHEN Qiang7,  
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science (GCESS), Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

    Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China

    University Corporation for Polar Research, Beijing 100875, China

    Joint Center for Global Change Studies (JCGCS), Beijing 100875, China

ZHAO Liyun1345

résumé

The Antarctic ice sheet is an important indicator of climate change and a driver of sea level rise, with a volume in sea level equivalent terms of 58.3 m. Its tiny change could have a significant impact on the global sea mean level, which is considered to be one of the most serious consequences of future climate change. Therefore, understanding where and how the Antarctic ice mass changes is of societal importance. Considering the few assessments of the interannual change in the Antarctic mass balance, the objective of this paper is to demonstrate the estimation and uncertainty of the annual material balance of the Antarctic ice sheet from 2005 to 2016 based on the Input‒Output Method (IOM). The reasons for the change in the Antarctic ice sheet in various basins have been investigated, which will provide effective supporting data for further studies on the loss of the Antarctic ice sheet.Compared with other methods for estimating the Antarctic mass balance, the IOM quantifies the difference between mass gain through primarily snowfall and loss by sublimation, meltwater runoff and ice discharge. The advantage of this approach is that it separately calculates changes in each component at the scale of individual glacier drainage basins. Unquestionably, using different datasets could cause great variation. Here, we improve the method to finely evaluate the ice discharge over the grounding line, which can accurately calculate the flux at each outlet unit, ensure time series continuity, and define flux export widths. Finally, for the first time, year-to-year estimates of the ice flux from the islands around Antarctica have been achieved.Our results are within a reasonable range compared to the international estimates of the Antarctic ice sheet mass balance. During 2005—2016, Antarctica was basically in a loss state, with an average mass loss of 109.1 ± 34.9 Gt/a and a standard deviation of ± 84.1 Gt/a. West Antarctica dominated the mass loss and contributed 65.1% of the total loss, East Antarctica 26.4%, the Peninsula 4.5% and islands 4.0%. All of East Antarctica was in a positive mass balance and showed evident ice mass loss in some basins. The Peninsula fluctuated at zero equilibrium. The islands, accounting for 1.15% of the Antarctic ice sheet, were assessed individually for the first time and found to be in a persistent negative mass balance, with mass loss even exceeding the Peninsula in some years. On the whole, the change in the Antarctic ice sheet mass balance was dominated by the surface mass balance, which was mainly influenced by interannual variability in the climatological factors. From a small-scale perspective, the dynamic changes in ice flux at the grounding line due to ice shelves thinning and iceberg calving affected the mass balance in some regions, resulting in an increase in mass loss during the years of calving events.This study improves the IOM method for the detailed assessment of the Antarctic ice sheet mass balance during 2005—2016.

mots-clés

Antarctic Ice Sheet;Mass balance;input-output method;surface mass balance;ice flux

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