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Extracting glacier information from remote sensing imageries by automatic threshold method of Gaussian mixture model

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    Henan Polytechnic University, School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Jiaozuo 454000, China

  • Email：wangyali1983021@163.com
  • Introduction：王亚利，1983年生， 女， 高级工程师，研究方向为遥感地物提取，冰川变化分析。E-mail： wangyali1983021@163.com
WANG Yali,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    Henan Polytechnic University, School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Jiaozuo 454000, China

  • Email：dwb@hpu.edu.cn
  • Introduction：都伟冰，1985年生，男，讲师，研究方向为多源遥感冰川监测。E-mail： dwb@hpu.edu.cn
DU Weibing*,  
  • Affiliation：

    Henan Polytechnic University, School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Jiaozuo 454000, China

WANG Shuangting

résumé

Extraction of glacier by remote sensing has important value of scientific research and application. The threshold segmentation method has high efficiency and accuracy in remote sensing feature extraction. However, in terms of threshold selection, traditional manual threshold selection demonstrate low automation, repeated trial operation, and is easily affected by subjective factors. For example, the normalized snow cover index can separate the glacier information from the background information effectively. However, the threshold is almost always found manually, and hence is easily affected by subjective factors. Therefore, developing an effective method is necessary to calculate the glacier extraction threshold automatically.Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) is established for the Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) of the local glacier region by the expected maximum algorithm and to remove the mixed pixel meta classes in the region. Then, the GMM was used to simulate the NDSI distribution of purified glacier and non-glacier. According to the distribution of the improved Gaussian mixture model, the glacier extraction threshold in the region was calculated automatically.Three regions at different altitudes were experimented. Subsequently, the boundary extraction of Karlik mountain glacier in Hami, Xinjiang was compared with the glacier inventory data, and good extraction results were obtained. The experimental results show that the threshold values calculated by different grids in the same experimental area are slightly different, whereas the threshold values calculated by different grids in various experimental areas are largely different, thereby also indicating that the algorithm is still stable in the regions with large differences. As such, the results of glacier extraction threshold calculated by using this method are reliable, accurate, and stable in different regions.Result also shows that this method solves the problem of the unbalanced proportion of glacier and non-glacier in GMM curve simulation to some extent, and the automatic calculation results of glacier extraction threshold are reliable, accurate, and stable in regions with large differences. This GMM method is available for certain applications of delineating glacier boundary in remote sensing.

mots-clés

remote sensing image;Gaussian Mixture Model;NDSI;extracting glacier information

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