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Terahertz radiation and scattering characteristics of ice cloud and sounding parameter design

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China

  • Email：chenke@hust.edu.cn
  • Introduction：陈柯，研究方向为微波大气遥感、微波辐射计研制领域研究。E-mail： chenke@hust.edu.cn
CHEN Ke1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China

DONG Shanbin1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China

LI Yingxue1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Shanghai Aerospace Electronic Technology Research Institute, Shanghai 201109, China

XU Hongxin2,  
  • Affiliation：

    Shanghai Aerospace Electronic Technology Research Institute, Shanghai 201109, China

XIE Zhenchao2,  
  • Affiliation：

    Shanghai Aerospace Electronic Technology Research Institute, Shanghai 201109, China

JIANG Lifei2,  
  • Affiliation：

    Shanghai Aerospace Electronic Technology Research Institute, Shanghai 201109, China

LI Enchen2,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite (FYSIC), Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites,National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Center for Space Weather), China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China

  • Email：wuqiong@cma.gov.cn
  • Introduction：吴琼，研究方向为星载主被动微波遥感研究。E-mail： wuqiong@cma.gov.cn
WU Qiong3*,  
  • Affiliation：

    Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite (FYSIC), Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites,National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Center for Space Weather), China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China

SHANG Jian3

résumé

Satellite-borne passive terahertz remote sensing is currently most promising method for ice cloud sounding due to a number of potential advantages that complement existing visible and infrared techniques. Since the wavelength of terahertz radiation is comparable to the size of ice crystals, observed brightness temperature are well correlated to ice mass. The purpose of this article is to present the terahertz radiation and scattering characteristics of ice and graupel particles which constitute ice clouds and to understand how ice cloud parameters affect the terahertz brightness temperature, which guide the design of terahertz ice cloud sounding instruments. In this study, the terahertz brightness temperature and Jacobian matrix are simulated by applying the Discrete-Ordinate Tangent Linear Radiative Transfer (DOTLRT) model to the spatially and microphysically detailed output of ice clouds predicted by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and Final (FNL) analysis data. The DOTLRT model uses the classical Mie scattering formula to calculate the scattering characteristics of liquid, rain, ice, snow, and graupel particles in clouds. The validity of the simulated 183 GHz brightness temperature is verified by comparison with the collocated observation from the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS). The simulation shows that the terahertz brightness temperature of the ice clouds is affected by ice and graupel particles with different properties, e.g., for a cloud with IWP of 300 g/m2 and GWP of 300 g/m2, the brightness temperature depression due to ice and graupel particles at 183.31+2.0 GHz are 2.28 K and 12.26 K respectively, and at 183.31+7.0 GHz are 6.30 K and 62.37 K respectively. Then, the impacts of the observation geometry and the parameters of the ice and graupel particles, including mass equivalent spherical diameter (Dme), Ice Water Path (IWP), and Graupel Water Path (GWP), on the terahertz brightness temperature were quantitatively analyzed. Finally, the optimal sounding frequency bands (183 GHz, 243 GHz, 325 GHz, 448 GHz, 664 GHz, and 874 GHz) and observation angle (53°±5°) of the terahertz ice cloud sounding instrument were derived based on the sensitivity analysis of the terahertz brightness temperature, Jacobian matrix, and trace gas absorption. The calculated terahertz brightness temperature spectrums indicate that the ice and graupel particles need to be considered in the terahertz ice cloud remote sensing. The terahertz radiation and scattering characteristics of the ice and graupel particles studied in this work can provide technical support for the development of the future terahertz ice cloud sounding instrument.

mots-clés

Terahertz;ice cloud remote sensing;the radiation and scattering characteristics;brightness temperature simulation;Ice Water Path;mass equivalent spherical diameter;ice particles;graupel particles

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