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Combined adjustment of the stereo imagery and laser altimetry points of the ZY3-03 Satellite and its accuracy verification

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100048, China

  • Email：zhoup@lasac.cn
  • Introduction：周平， 研究方向为航天遥感数据处理理论和应用研究。E-mail： zhoup@lasac.cn
ZHOU Ping1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100048, China

TANG Xinming1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

LI Dandan2,  
  • Affiliation：

    Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100048, China

WANG Xia1

résumé

When using domestic satellites for global geographic resource construction, one of the most important promises is to improve the geometric accuracy of satellite imagery lacking Ground Control Points (GCPs). The Ziyuan3-03 (ZY3-03) satellite, launched on July 25, 2020, was the third high-resolution stereo mapping satellite of the Ziyuan3 series. ZY3-03 is mainly used for the global application of 1∶50000-scale mapping. Triple linear-array push-broom panchromatic cameras with a resolution of ≤2.5 m and a multispectral camera with a resolution of 5.8 m were loaded on this satellite. Moreover, an additional single-beam laser altimeter was loaded on the ZY3-03 satellite to improve its vertical accuracy. This addition enables satellites to simultaneously obtain high-vertical-accuracy Laser Altimetry Points (LAPs). The integration of stereo-images and LAPs for improving the vertical accuracy of stereo-images is considered the key to realizing the application of 1∶50,000-scale stereo mapping of ZY3-03 images with sparse or no GCPs.A combined block adjustment method involving ZY3-03 triple linear-array stereo-images and synchronous orbit LAPs was proposed to improve the elevation accuracy of images. First, a method for accurately obtaining the image coordinates of LAPs on stereo-images was designed. Given the slight differences in relative planar errors between LAPs and synchronous nadir images, the image coordinates of LAPs on synchronous orbit nadir images could be correctly acquired using the image rational function model (RFM) and the ground geodetic coordinates of the LAPs. Then, accurate pixel coordinates of the LAPs on the triple linear-array stereo-images were determined via high-precision image matching between the forward/backward images and nadir images. The use of whole-orbital stereo-images as the operation unit allowed for the construction of a combined block adjustment model based on RFM and a combined block adjustment strategy.A total of 12 ZY3-03 satellite triple linear-array stereo image pairs and 81 synchronous orbit LAPs of plain and hilly terrains in Heilongjiang Province, China, were selected as the experimental data. Simultaneously, 270 global positioning system (GPS) points were collected as checkpoints. For the combined adjustment between stereo-images and LAPs, the vertical root mean square error (RMSE) of the images was reduced from 5.27 to 2.58 m. Then, seven ZY3-03 satellite triple linear-array stereo image pairs and six synchronous orbit LAPs of mountainous terrains in Hebei Province were selected as experimental data, with 115 GPS points taken as checkpoints. After performing the combined block adjustment, the vertical RMSE of the images decreased from 11.25 to 4.45 m. The experimental results indicate that the vertical accuracy of the ZY3-03 images increased significantly. The obtained data can satisfy the precision requirements of 1∶50,000-scale stereo mapping in China.The combined block adjustment method can be effectively implemented regardless of the terrain (i.e., flat, hilly, or mountainous). The vertical accuracy of stereo-images can be greatly improved to satisfy the accuracy requirements of 1∶50000-scale stereo mapping in China.

mots-clés

remote sensing;Ziyuan3-03 satellite;triple linear-array stereo imagery;laser altimetry point;combined block adjustment;geometric accuracy

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