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パッシブマイクロ波リモートセンシング反演積雪深と気象観測所観測積雪深の時空間比較

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    Heihe Remote Sensing Experimental Research Station, Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing of Gansu Province, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000,China

    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

  • Email：wangjing2020@nieer.ac.cn
  • Introduction：王静，研究方向为积雪遥感。E-mail：wangjing2020@nieer.ac.cn
WANG Jing12,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    Heihe Remote Sensing Experimental Research Station, Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing of Gansu Province, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000,China

  • Email：chetao@lzb.ac.cn
  • Introduction：车涛，研究方向为冰冻圈遥感。E-mail：chetao@lzb.ac.cn
CHE Tao1*,  
  • Affiliation：

    Heihe Remote Sensing Experimental Research Station, Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing of Gansu Province, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000,China

DAI Liyun1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Heihe Remote Sensing Experimental Research Station, Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing of Gansu Province, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000,China

    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

YUE Shanna12,  
  • Affiliation：

    National Satellite Meteorological Center, Beijing 100081, China

ZHENG Zhaojun3

サマリー

積雪深は積雪の重要な物理的属性の一つであり、積雪深を正確に取得することは積雪の水文学、 水資源、気候変動、雪害などの研究に非常に重要である。現在、長期時間系列の積雪深研究に広く用いられているのは、気象観測所の積雪深観測データとパッシブマイクロ波リモートセンシング（SMMR、SSM/IおよびSSMI/Sなど）によって反演された積雪深データである。本論文では、中国地域におけるこれら2種類のデータの積雪深の最大値および平均値の空間分布、年次変化を比較し、2種類のデータの分布特性を分析した。結果は、空間的には、観測点での積雪深と対応するリモートセンシングピクセルの積雪深は東北地域で最も相関が良く、新疆地域が次いで、青蔵高原地域では相関がやや劣ることを示した。両種の積雪深は安定した積雪地域での分布は比較的一致しており、40cmを超える深雪地域および積雪深が5cm未満の南部地域では観測点の最大積雪深がリモートセンシング反演の最大積雪深を明らかに上回っていた。時間的には、1980年から2019年の期間と比較すると、1989年から2019年の期間で積雪深観測データとリモートセンシング積雪深の各典型積雪地域における相関が顕著に向上した。さらに、近年30年間の中国地域における積雪深変化を比較した結果、青蔵高原東南部で両種データは統計的に有意な(p<0.05)減少傾向を示し、東北平野地域では統計的に有意な(p<0.05)増加傾向を示した。青蔵高原地域に分布する気象観測所は主に比較的低標高の場所に設置されており、対応するマイクロ波リモートセンシングピクセル内の高標高山岳地域における積雪深の平均的な分布と変化を十分に反映していない。一方、パッシブマイクロ波リモートセンシングによる積雪深反演は積雪特性の変化に影響を受けやすく、短期間で積雪深変化の大きい極端な降雪事象には鈍感である。

キーワード

積雪深;気象観測所;パッシブマイクロ波リモートセンシング;典型積雪地域;比較分析

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