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Estimativa indireta das emissões diárias de CO2 de energia fóssil a partir do NO2 do TROPOMI

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics,China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China

  • Email：lulingxiao@cumt.edu.cn
  • Introduction：陆凌霄，研究方向为大气环境遥感。E-mail：lulingxiao@cumt.edu.cn
LU Lingxiao1,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics,China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China

  • Email：qinkai@cumt.edu.cn
  • Introduction：秦凯，研究方向为大气环境遥感。E-mail：qinkai@cumt.edu.cn
QIN Kai1*,  
  • Affiliation：

    School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics,China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China

COHEN Jason Blake1,  
  • Affiliation：

    School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics,China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China

LI Xiaolu1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Satellite Application Center for Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100094, China

ZHOU Chunyan2

Resumo

Para alcançar a meta de "duplo carbono", é crucial utilizar a tecnologia de sensoriamento remoto por satélite para estimar as emissões de dióxido de carbono (CO2) provenientes do consumo de energia fóssil. No entanto, devido à longa vida útil do CO2 na atmosfera e à cobertura espacial limitada dos sensores de CO2 existentes por satélite, é difícil estimar diretamente as emissões a partir dos dados de concentração de coluna de CO2 invertidos das observações satelitais. Considerando que o consumo de energia fóssil emite simultaneamente CO2 e óxidos de nitrogênio (NOx), sendo o NOx de curta duração e com boa viabilidade para estimar suas emissões via sensoriamento remoto por satélite, este estudo selecionou 28 cidades do leste e uma região do triângulo dourado de energia do oeste para realizar um estudo de estimativa indireta das emissões diárias de CO2 baseadas na concentração de coluna de NO2 do TROPOMI. Primeiramente, utilizaram-se os dados da concentração da coluna troposférica de NO2 do TROPOMI de 2019 e um modelo de conservação de massa para estimar as emissões diárias de NOx e sua incerteza. Em seguida, analisou-se a relação entre as emissões de CO2 e NOx no banco de dados do inventário de emissões construído pelo modelo de inventário multiescalar (MEIC). Por fim, estimaram-se as emissões diárias de CO2 provenientes do consumo de energia fóssil. Os resultados mostram que as estimativas coincidem com a distribuição espacial das emissões de CO2 no inventário MEIC, mas sua maior resolução espacial e frequência temporal possibilitam revelar fontes de emissão emergentes e pequenas devido à falta de dados estatísticos. Nas cidades do leste, como Pequim, as estimativas por sensoriamento remoto nas áreas suburbanas ao redor do centro da cidade são cerca de 104% maiores do que o inventário MEIC, indicando o surgimento de várias fontes de emissão emergentes com a rápida expansão dessas cidades. No triângulo dourado de energia, exemplificado por Yulin, algumas fontes de emissão em usinas de energia, siderúrgicas e áreas de minas representam apenas 10% do total do inventário MEIC, enquanto a estimativa atribui 37%, indicando que pequenas usinas e fontes industriais não incluídas no inventário podem ser detectadas pelo sensoriamento remoto por satélite. Os resultados da pesquisa podem fornecer suporte técnico para a contabilização das emissões de carbono provenientes do consumo de energia fóssil na China.

Palavras-chave

sensoriamento remoto;energia fóssil;óxidos de nitrogênio;dióxido de carbono;TROPOMI;inventário de emissões;estimativa indireta;conservação de massa;fontes emergentes de emissão

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