предыдущий|следующий

Discussion on applicability of Rayleigh optical depth model and its conditional construction

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Geo-Spatial information Technology in the Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China

  • Email：leung@lzb.ac.cn
  • Introduction：梁继，1976年生，女，副教授，研究方向为冰冻圈遥感、辐射传输理论与数值计算模型。E-mail：leung@lzb.ac.cn
Ji LIANG1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

Jian WANG2,  
  • Affiliation：

    Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

Junlei TAN2,  
  • Affiliation：

    Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

Hongxing LI2,  
  • Affiliation：

    Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, China

Yan LIU3,  
  • Affiliation：

    National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Geo-Spatial information Technology in the Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China

Shiting XIA1

реферат

Rayleigh scattering is one of the most important and common natural phenomena in life. Moreover, Rayleigh optical depth (ROD) is a significant index for measuring Rayleigh scattering intensity. By combining the theories of atmospheric scattering and ROD, we summarize in this paper the advantages and disadvantages of existing ROD simulation models. We find that, first, given that the CO2 concentration in global climate change has exceeded 400 ppm, some modeling errors will arise due to the parametric limitations of the atmospheric temperature and the background conditions of 300 ppm CO2 concentration in the approximate numerical model. Second, although the theoretical discrete model has a clear physical meaning and self-adaptability to the CO2 concentration index, and presuming that the simulation results are reliable in theory, deriving the solutions of various relevant input physical parameters is complicated. In obtaining an approximate numerical model with 400 ppm CO2 concentration, we first simulated ROD under specific atmospheric conditions (P0=1 atm, T=15 ℃, CO2=400 ppm) based on a theoretical discrete model for nine test sites with different heights and latitudes. Then, we analyzed and fitted the ROD as a function of wavelength and altitude. The Rayleigh scattering intensity was set to be inversely proportional to the square of 4.529 times of the wavelength. Furthermore, the contribution of CO2 concentration in the ultraviolet-blue band to Rayleigh optical depth was in the order of 10–4 to 10–3. In the case of changing CO2 concentrations, we suggest that the theoretical discrete model be used as the main algorithm to simulate ROD. In this manner, the adaptability of the model can be improved and the errors resulting from the modeling itself can be reduced. Furthermore, on the basis of the simulation results, a simple and convenient numerical simulation model for atmospheric conditions can be obtained.

ключеви́че слова́

Rayleigh optical depth;scattering cross section;refractive index of air;carbon dioxide concentrations

References

  1. 1.
    Alms G R, Burnham A K and Flygare W H. 1975. Measurement of the dispersion in polarizabilities anisotropies. Journal of Chemical Physics, 63(8): 3321–3326
  2. 2.
    Bates D R. 1984. Rayleigh scattering by air. Planetary and Space Science, 32(6): 785–790
  3. 3.
    Bodhaine B A, Wood N B, Dutton E G and Slusser J R. 1999. On Rayleigh optical depth calculations. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 16(11): 1854–1861
  4. 4.
    Bohren C F and Huffman D R. 1983. Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles. New York: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim: 530
  5. 5.
    Bucholtz A. 1995. Rayleigh-scattering calculations for the terrestrial atmosphere. Applied Optics, 34(15): 2765–2773
  6. 6.
    Dutton E G, Reddy P, Ryan S and DeLuisi J J. 1994. Features and effects of aerosol optical depth observed at Mauna Loa, Hawaii: 1982-1992. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 99(D4): 8295–8306
  7. 7.
    Edlén B. 1953. The dispersion of standard air. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 43(5): 339–344
  8. 8.
    Edlén B. 1966. The refractive index of air. Metrologia, 2(2): 71–80
  9. 9.
    Forsythe W E. 2003. Smithsonian Physical Tables. 9th ed. Washington: the Smithsonian Institution: 898.
  10. 10.
    Fröhlich C and Shaw G E. 1980. New determination of Rayleigh scattering in the terrestrial atmosphere. Applied Optics, 19(11): 1773–1775
  11. 11.
    Hansen J E and Travis L D. 1974. Light scattering in planetary atmospheres. Space Science Reviews, 16(4): 527–610
  12. 12.
    Leckner B. 1978. The spectral distribution of solar radiation at the earth’s surface-Elements of a Model. Solar Energy, 20(2): 143–150
  13. 13.
    Letestu S. 1966. International Meteorological Tables. Geneva: Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organization: 327
  14. 14.
    Liang J. 2010. Snow Albedo Retrieval and Multiscale Analysis of Remote Sensing, Dissertation submitted to Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (CAREERI). Beijing: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences: 131
  15. 15.
    Liang S, Fang H and Chen M. 2001. Atmospheric correction of landsat ETM+ land surface imagery. I. Methods. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 39(11): 2490–2498
  16. 16.
    Liang S L. 2004. Quantitative Remote Sensing of Land Surfaces. New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
  17. 17.
    Liang S L, Fang H L, Morisette J T, Chen M Z, Shuey C J, Walthall C L and Daughtry C S T. 2002. Atmospheric correction of Landsat ETM+ land surface imagery. II. Validation and applications. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 40(12): 2736–2746
  18. 18.
    Liou K N. 2002. An Introduction to Atmospheric Radiation. 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier
  19. 19.
    Marggraf W A and Griggs M. 1969. Aircraft measurements and calculations of the total downward flux of solar radiation as a function of altitude. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 26(3): 468–477
  20. 20.
    Miesch C, Briottet X, Kerr Y H and Cabot F. 1999. Monte Carlo approach for solving the radiative transfer equation over mountainous and heterogeneous areas. Applied Optics, 38(36): 7419–7430
  21. 21.
    Mohr P J, Newell D B and Taylor B N. 2016. CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants: 2014. Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference, 45(4): 043102
  22. 22.
    Möller F. 1957. Strahlung in der unteren Atmosphäre//Bartels J, ed. Geophysik II/Geophysics II. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-45881-1_2]
  23. 23.
    NOAA Research News. 2015. Greenhouse gas benchmark reached, global carbon dioxide concentrations surpass 400 parts per million for the first month since measurements began[EB/OL].[2018-07-27]
  24. 24.
    Peck E R and Reeder K. 1972. Dispersion of air. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 62(8): 958–962
  25. 25.
    Penndorf R. 1957. Tables of the refractive index for standard air and the Rayleigh scattering coefficient for the Spectral Region Between 0.2 and 20.0 μ and their Application to Atmospheric Optics. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 47(2): 176–182
  26. 26.
    Picard A, Davis R S, Gläser M and Fujii K. 2008. Revised formula for the density of moist air (CIPM-2007). Metrologia, 45(2): 149–155
  27. 27.
    Reinersman P N and Carder K L. 1995. Monte Carlo simulation of the atmospheric point-spread function with an application to correction for the adjacency effect. Applied Optics, 34(21): 4453–4471
  28. 28.
    Richter R and Schläpfer D. 2018. Atmospheric/Topographic Correction for Satellite Imagery[EB/OL]. [2018-07-26].
  29. 29.
    Sheng P X, Mao J T, Li J G, Zhang A C, Sang J G and Pan N X. 2003. Atmospheric Physics. Beijing: Peking University Press: 522
  30. 30.
    Stephens G L. 1994. Remote Sensing of the Lower Atmosphere. Oxford: Oxford University Press: 523
  31. 31.
    Teillet P M. 1990. Rayleigh optical depth comparisons from various sources. Applied Optics, 29(13): 1897–1900
  32. 32.
    Vaughan A. 2015. Global Carbon Dioxide Levels Break 400ppm Milestone. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com.environment/2015/may/06/global_carbon_dioxide_levels_break_400ppm_milestone[2018-09-14]
  33. 33.
    Wu B Y, Li W and Chen H B. 1998. Practical Method of Atmospheric Radiative Transfer. Beijing: Meteorological Press, 138
  34. 34.
    Young A T. 1980. Revised depolarization corrections for atmospheric extinction. Applied Optics, 19(20): 3427–3428
  35. 35.
    Young A T. 1981. On the Rayleigh-scattering optical depth of the atmosphere. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 20(3): 328–330
  36. 36.
    Zhang J, Lu Z H, Menegozzi B and Wang L J. 2006. Application of frequency combs in the measurement of the refractive index of air. Review of Scientific Instruments, 77(8): 083104
  37. 37.
    Zhang J, Lu Z H and Wang L J. 2008. Precision refractive index measurements of air, N2, O2, Ar, and CO2 with a frequency comb. Applied Optics, 47(17): 3143–3151
  38. 38.
    Zhao Y S. 2003. Principle and Method of Remote Sensing Application Analysis. Beijing: Science Press: 478

Читать полностью

The above content is generated by Large Model Translation. The translated content is for reference only. We do not assume any commercial or legal responsibilty for any consequences arising from the use of our website