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Research progress in the calibration method of the volume scattering function measurement technique

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China

    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

  • Email：liucong194@mails.ucas.ac.cn
  • Introduction：刘聪，研究方向为海洋光学技术。E-mail： liucong194@mails.ucas.ac.cn
LIU Cong12,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China

    Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China

  • Email：liclaire@scsio.ac.cn
  • Introduction：李彩，研究方向为海洋光学及海洋环境监测技术。E-mail： liclaire@scsio.ac.cn
LI Cai13*

реферат

The Volume Scattering Function (VSF) is an important Inherent Optical Property (IOP) of seawater, which is a critical and fundamental parameter to describe the angular distribution of the scattering of incident light by water. In particular, the VSF has a significant importance in the field of ocean color remote sensing, atmosphere-sea interaction, eco-disaster alerting. Due to a strong directional distribution characterized by a large dynamic range in signal in the whole scatter directions and faint backscattering signal, the VSF measurement and calibration are complex and the research is still in the process of exploration and progress. In this paper, the research progress of calibration method and measurement technology of VSF has been summarized, and the development tendency of the VSF calibration method has been predicted.Since the birth of the first backscattering in situ measurement instrument in the 1930s, the calibration methods of the VSF measurement improved gradually with the development of measurement techniques. There are three main methods for calibrating the VSF measurement: the first is based on the estimation of the scattering volume and the scattering flux, the second is based on a diffusing target throughout the sample volume to obtain the sensor response weighting function, and the third is based on the Mie theory and the standard solution or particles to obtain the sensor response weighting function. For the first calibration method, the scattering volume is generally calculated based on the optical and mechanical structures with the plausible assumptions, and the scattering flux can be obtained by the response of each scattering sensor to a Lambertian target as a function of distance, this method is limited in the range of angles due to the large error in the estimation of scattering volume of the forward small angle and the backward near 180°. For the second one, the core of this method is the obtaining of the detector’‍s weighting function, and it is not modeled by the structure parameters of the instrument, but accurately measured through the moving a diffusing target throughout the sample volume, this method can effectively solve the problems of difficult and inaccurate scatterer estimation, and it is more suitable for large backscattering with wide Field Of View (FOV). In addition, for the last one, based on standard materials with known physical features and Mie scattering or Rayleigh scattering, the scattering properties of standard materials can be calculated theoretically. The detector’s weighting function or calibration coefficient is obtained by matching the measured original signals with the theoretical value. Using this method, the calibration process of the VSF measurement has been significantly simplified, and no longer constrained to the scattering angle range. It is clear that the precision of this method is positively related to the degree of perfection of the theoretical model and the parametric information of the standard substance.With the gradual improvement in the understanding of the IOPs of water, and the increasing demand for in situ measurements, the VSF measurement technology and the calibrating precision are also constantly innovated and optimized. It can be anticipated that all above three main types of the VSF calibration methods or a variant combination of them will continue for a long period of time, while the calibration method based on standard matter and sensor response weighting function will play an important role in the future.

ключеви́че слова́

Volume Scattering Function (VSF);Calibration techniques;Mie scattering;Weighting function;Inherent Optical Property (IOP);ocean color remote sensing

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