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Construction and validation of the TOA reflectance reference model for stable land surface targets by using Golmud Desert site as an example

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

    School of Optoelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

  • Email：songpeilan19@mails.ucas.ac.cn
  • Introduction：宋培兰，研究方向为卫星传感器可见近红外波段辐射定标。E-mail：songpeilan19@mails.ucas.ac.cn
SONG Peilan12,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

  • Email：mall@aircas.ac.cn
  • Introduction：马灵玲，研究方向为遥感定标与真实性检验方法及高光谱遥感数据处理。E-mail： mall@aircas.ac.cn
MA Lingling1*,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

ZHAO Yongguang1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

WANG Ning1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

LI Wan1,  
  • Affiliation：

    China Centre for Resources Satellite Data and Application, Beijing 100094, China

HAN Qijin3,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

LIU Yaokai1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

YAO Weiyuan1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

ZHANG Beibei1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

REN Lu1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

NIU Yifang1

реферат

The TOA reflectance model based on Pseudo-Invariant Calibration Sites (PICS) can directly calculate the apparent radiance of a satellite sensor without ground measurement, thus providing an effective technical approach for high-frequency, in-orbit radiometric calibration and long-term satellite performance monitoring. However, due to the strict requirements in spatial uniformity, time stability, and atmospheric conditions, existing PICS calibration sites are all distributed abroad, and meeting the calibration requirements of Chinese land satellites, which are mostly for imaging in China, is difficult. Using the radiometric calibration idea of PICS, this study investigated the construction model of Top of Atmosphere (TOA) reflectance for inland surface stable targets with relaxed sites and atmospheric stability constraints. With the stable target of Golmud Desert in the northwest region as an example, the constraints were relaxed as follows: site area greater than 3 km × 3 km, cloud coverage less than 60%, spatial uniformity less than 3%, and temporal stability less than 10% (11 years). Then, Aqua/MODIS and European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecasting reanalysis data of 11 years were used to analyze the regularity of the observed geometry and atmospheric parameters in TOA reflectance, and the scattering angle defined in the surface/atmospheric radiation transmission model was introduced to further characterize the multiple scattering contribution between the surface and atmosphere in the TOA reflectance model. Afterward, a TOA reflectance model suitable for inland stable targets was proposed. The averaged bias and root mean square error of the model were less than 0.10% and 0.0084, respectively. In addition, the TOA reflectance directly observed by Sentinel-2A/B MSI and Landsat 8 OLI were compared with the TOA reflectance calculated by the proposed model. The average relative error between the TOA reflectance calculated by the model and the observations of Sentinel-2A/B MSI was less than 1.44%, and the standard deviation of the relative error did not exceed 1.59%. The average relative error with Landsat 8 OLI observations was less than 1.77%, and the standard deviation of the relative error did not exceed 2.11%. The validation results showed that the calculated TOA reflectance values of the proposed model had high consistency and stability with the satellite observations. Thus, the model can be applied to the on-orbit radiometric calibration and long-term radiation characteristic monitoring of other satellite payloads in the solar reflection spectrum.

ключеви́че слова́

inland surface stable target;radiometric calibration;pseudo-invariant calibration sites;TOA reflectance;observation geometry;ECMWF

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