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Experiment of measuring targets' full-parameters microwave properties

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

    Laboratory of Target Microwave Properties (LAMP), Huzhou 313200, China

  • Email：shaoyun@radi.ac.cn
  • Introduction：邵芸,1961年生， 女,研究员，研究方向为雷达遥感基础与应用。E-mail:shaoyun@radi.ac.cn
SHAO Yun12,  
  • Affiliation：

    Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

    Laboratory of Target Microwave Properties (LAMP), Huzhou 313200, China

GONG Huaze12,  
  • Affiliation：

    Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

    Laboratory of Target Microwave Properties (LAMP), Huzhou 313200, China

TIAN Wei12,  
  • Affiliation：

    Institute of Remote Sensing Satellite, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China

ZHANG Qingjun3,  
  • Affiliation：

    Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

    Laboratory of Target Microwave Properties (LAMP), Huzhou 313200, China

WANG Guojun12,  
  • Affiliation：

    Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

    Laboratory of Target Microwave Properties (LAMP), Huzhou 313200, China

BIAN Xiaolin12,  
  • Affiliation：

    Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

    Laboratory of Target Microwave Properties (LAMP), Huzhou 313200, China

ZHANG Tingting12,  
  • Affiliation：

    Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

    Laboratory of Target Microwave Properties (LAMP), Huzhou 313200, China

ZHANG Fengli12,  
  • Affiliation：

    Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

    Laboratory of Target Microwave Properties (LAMP), Huzhou 313200, China

LI Kun12,  
  • Affiliation：

    Laboratory of Target Microwave Properties (LAMP), Huzhou 313200, China

LIU Zhiqu2,  
  • Affiliation：

    Institute of Remote Sensing Satellite, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China

Ni Chong3

resumen

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has gained more and more attention in the field of target identification and disaster monitoring because of its all-weather observation capability. Many more advance SAR satellite developed in the last decade, e.g. high resolution SAR and full polarized SAR. However, the mechanism of interaction between electromagnetic wave and target in microwave band is still limited in the current research. Measurement of microwave characteristics in a controllable and non-interference environment can recur the interaction between electromagnetic wave and target on the ground, and can greatly help improving the cognition of SAR imaging as well. In this paper, the Laboratory of Target Microwave Properties (LAMP) was introduced and a full-parameters microwave properties measurement experiment was demonstrated. The internal size of LAMP is: 24 m (length) ×24 m (width) ×17 m (height). The positioning accuracy of the straight orbit system is 0.1 mm, while 0.01 °for the arc orbit. This guarantees that LAMP could implement the quantitative control of the relative motion between the antenna and the target under measurement, with high-precision. The dynamic range of LAMP is better than 100 dB, and the sensitivity is greater than -60 dBsm. The platform could conduct either imaging in conventional SAR imaging modes such as spotlight, stripmap and ISAR or in complex SAR imaging modes such as POLSAR, InSAR, polInSAR, with the highest spatial resolution is as high as 1cm. In this experiment, two kinds of typical man-made targets (medal ball and four-wind UAV) and natural targets (rice), were measured in LAMP, in conditions of multi-frequencies, multi-polarization, multi-incidence angles and multi-azimuth angles. The test results showed that the measured value of Radar Cross Section (RCS) of the metal ball was acceptable (2.5 —17 GHz): the RMSE is 1.09 dBsm and 1.00 dBsm for HH and VV polarization respectively, relative to the Mie scattering simulation value. For the rest of frequency band (lower than 2.5 GHz or higher than 17 GHz), however, the deviation between the measured and the theoretical RCS value of the medal ball was observed. The reason why it happened is that the surface of the medal ball is not smooth enough, on the other hand, the frequency band, lower than 2.5 GHz, is located at resonance area because of the diameter is of the same order of the length of incidence electromagnetic wave. At the same time, the scattering characteristics of multi-incident Angle and multi-azimuth Angle can be well presented in the experiment. On the other hand, the natural targets show varied microwave spectral graph (0.8—18 GHz), resulting from their irregular structures and discontinuous dialectical properties. This is the reason why it is tough to interpret SAR imageries in terms of objects of the nature.

palabra clave

microwave anechoic chamber;scattering properties;RCS;synthetic aperture radar;simulation imaging

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