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Comparison of performance of radar imaging under condition of obscured by random media

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    The State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

  • Email：yity@radi.ac.cn
  • Introduction：伊铁延，1991年生，男，博士研究生，研究方向为微波成像理论。E-mail： yity@radi.ac.cn
YI Tieyan12,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    The State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

  • Email：chenks@radi.ac.cn
  • Introduction：陈锟山，1959年生，男，研究员，研究方向为微波遥感。E-mail： chenks@radi.ac.cn
CHEN Kunshan1*,  
  • Affiliation：

    The State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

LIU Yu1

resumen

Radar imaging of objects obscured by random media is an important issue because of its wide application in the fields of geography, medicine, and the military. However, the echo signals from the observed target(s) may be severely distorted because of the presence of random media (e.g., vegetation, atmospheric turbulence, biological tissues, or walls), thereby eventually degrading imaging quality. To obtain higher resolution, imaging technology that works in the millimeter wave or even a higher frequency band is desirable. However, the electromagnetic wave in this frequency band is more heavily affected by random media and is more susceptible to attenuation, which hinders the application of millimeter wave radar remote sensing. This limitation further highlights the urgency of research on the imaging of objects obscured by random media. Therefore, evaluating and improving the imaging performance fully and ultimately are especially important.Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) technology has been widely used in many fields, especially for remote sensing, since its introduction in the 1950s. Scholars have proposed different imaging algorithms and used the obtained data to analyze the dielectric properties and geometric characteristics of the observed target (e.g., INSAR, POL-SAR, POL-INSAR, and TOMO-SAR). Alternatively, some imaging technology employs the time symmetry of the field (electromagnetic or acoustics) wave equation and the reciprocity of the Green’s function to locate and imaging the targets. In particular, the Time Reversal (TR) method allows us to selectively focus on different targets separately, whereas the Time Reversal-Multiple Signal Classification (TR-MUSIC) method improves the imaging resolution greatly. However, current studies are often limited to a specific field, and research on the comparison of the performance of different methods is relatively rare. Therefore, in this paper, these typical radar imaging methods are selected to evaluate their performance toward imaging the target obscured by random media. Given that the target is obscured by random media, describing the effects caused by random media on the propagation of the electromagnetic wave is necessary. According to the radiation transfer equation, the attenuation of electromagnetic waves caused by random medium is related to optical thickness, which is equal to the sum of the scattering and absorption thickness. The model will be used to describe the interaction of electromagnetic waves with random media. For quantitative evaluation, 3 dB beam-width and the geometric location of a point target response are used.Although the results in the three methods are all degraded by the presence of random media, TR-MUSIC performs the best followed by SAR and TR. The effects of scattering thickness is the main factor that causes imaging degradation, whereas the degradation caused by absorption thickness is very weak. In summary, this phenomenon is due to the clutter enhancement from random media when the scattering thickness increases, while the effects of absorption thickness correspond to the energy of electromagnetic waves being absorbed. Among the three techniques, TR and TR-MUSIC can suppress the grating lobes better than SAR does under a sparse array, and TR-MUSIC delivers the best imaging performance.Considering the advantages of TR-MUSIC in the performance and the side lobe suppression, we focus on improving its performance further. Based on theoretical analysis, some centrally located array elements are removed to undermine clutters, and better imaging results are obtained for TR-MUSIC.

palabra clave

radar imaging;Random Medium;Comparative Analysis;synthetic aperture radar (SAR);Time Reversal Imaging

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