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High-resolution remote sensing of the transportation of floating macroalgae： case studies with the Ulva prolifera green tide

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China

    Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai 264003, China

    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

  • Email：hlliu@yic.ac.cn
  • Introduction：刘海龙， 研究方向为海洋遥感。E-mail： hlliu@yic.ac.cn
LIU Hailong123,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China

    Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai 264003, China

    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

  • Email：qgxing@yic.ac.cn
  • Introduction：邢前国， 研究方向为海洋环境遥感、数值模拟与评估。E-mail： qgxing@yic.ac.cn
XING Qianguo123*,  
  • Affiliation：

    National Satellite Ocean Application Service, Ministry of Natural Resources Beijing 100081, China

DING Jing4,  
  • Affiliation：

    National Satellite Ocean Application Service, Ministry of Natural Resources Beijing 100081, China

LIU Jianqiang4,  
  • Affiliation：

    CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China

    Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai 264003, China

ZHENG Xiangyang12,  
  • Affiliation：

    North China Sea Marine Forecasting Center, State Oceanic Administrator, Qingdao 266033, China

WU Lingjuan5,  
  • Affiliation：

    CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China

    Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai 264003, China

LI Lin12,  
  • Affiliation：

    International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China

LU Yingcheng6

resumen

Remote sensing is an important tool for monitoring floating macroalgae over the sea surface. In this study, three pairs of images obtained by a drone and high-resolution satellites (Sentinel-2 MSI, GF-6 WVF, HY-1C/D CZI) were selected to monitor the movements of floating green tide macroalgae (Ulva prolifera) in the Yellow Sea with multiple spatial scales. Based on the HY-1C/D double-star network, the point-to-point tracking of patches with a resolution level of 50 m within 2.45 hours is realized. During the observation period, the direction of wind and ocean current is relatively consistent and the superposition of the two effects makes the movement speed of macroalgae relatively high, with an average speed of 0.380 m/s. On the 10 m resolution MSI and WVF images, the water mass front or convergence area of macroalgae patches at different observation angles will lead to more or less bright and dark areas of the incoming pupil solar flare. This kind of convergence area characterized by solar flare anomaly has continued to exist 30 minutes, and has undergone significant movement, with an average velocity of about 0.2 m/s. Based on centimeter-level ultra-high-resolution UAV images, the movement observation of floating macroalgae can be realized from seconds to minutes, with an average speed of 0.066 m/s. Influenced by wind, small patches of macroalgae are distributed in a chain shape along the wind direction, and the angle between them is less than 15°. The results suggested that the orientations of macroalgae patches were consistent with wind directions, indicating the influence of wind on the movement of floating macroalgae. The convergent zones and the position changes of macroalgae patches identified from sun glitter reflected the influence of ocean hydrodynamics on the movement of macroalgae patches. This study demonstrates that high-resolution optical images can be applied for accurately monitoring the movement of floating macroalgae, as well as the investigation of the corresponding physical dynamic mechanisms.

palabra clave

HY-1C/D CZI;GF-6;Sentinel-2;drone;movement;floating macroalgae;green tide;Ulva prolifera;the Yellow Sea

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