Usually crop planting structure derived from the statistical data are quite later due to time consuming of statistic method. The government normally needs the crop planting structure as early as possible

better if it can be obtained during the crop season

so that it allows the government has enough time to make decision for next crop season. This paper presents a fast inventory method of crop planting structure

based on the GVG instrument and transect sampling framework. Then crop planting structure inventory for summer and autumn crop over China in 2002 have been carried out. It is found that the rate of cereal to cash crop within summer crop is 58%: 21%

and that of autumn crop 79%: 14%. It is very obvious that cereal crops still account on very high proportion in the crop structure. According to surveyed results

the difference of crop planting structure over China varies temporally and spatially great. The soybean proportion of Hei Longjiang province ranks first

up to 38%

and Hei Longjiang is main producing area of soybean in China. Jilin and Liaoning provinces almost have the same proportion of spring maize

more than 71%. Winter wheat is a major crop of summer crop in the Huanghuihai area

in which the winter wheat proportion of Hebei province is more than 97%

and summer maize is a major crop of autumn crop

in which the summer maize proportion of Henan province is up to 82%. On the two sides of the Yangtse River there exists very big change of crop proportion between winter wheat and oil rapeseeds. On the north side of Yangtse River

winter wheat and oil rapeseeds almost have the same rank

but on the south side of Yangtse River oil rapeseeds ranks first in the summer season

and middle rice and later rice are the major crops of autumn crop

more than 66%. Rice is major crop of summer and autumn crop in the southern China

and in which the proportion of vegetable and fruit of Guangdong province is up to 29%. Middle rice and summer maize are the major crops of autumn crop in the southwest region

in which the proportion of cotton

flux seed and sugar of Yunnan province is up to 19. Tobacco of Yunnan province ranks first in China. Effects of agricultural structure adjustment are very great in recent years

especially in the developed and adjacent region where the proportion of vegetable and fruit is very high

such as Tianjin city up to 34%.