国际人口信息系统的构想和尝试
Concept and Experiment of an International Demographic Information System
- 2008年第5期 页码:793-799
纸质出版日期: 2008
DOI: 10.11834/jrs.200805104
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纸质出版日期: 2008 ,
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[1]马忠东,蓝图,聂致钢.国际人口信息系统的构想和尝试[J].遥感学报,2008(05):793-799.
MA Zhong-dong1, LAN Tu1, NIE Zhi-gang1. Concept and Experiment of an International Demographic Information System[J]. Journal of Remote Sensing, 2008,(5):793-799.
由于国际移民活动迅速增加
模式日趋复杂
人口学界迫切地期待一个能够解决新情况、应用新方法的平台。但是由于各国普查数据结构不同
很难快速有效地搜索和匹配不同国家的人群
当前的研究主要局限在移民输出国或输入国。为了突破这种局限
实现方便快捷的比较研究
作者力图将各国普查微观数据整合到一个数据库中
并且利用开源软件组合开发一个基于网络发布的国际人口信息系统。基于这个设想
主要解决了各国普查数据的标准化
系统框架的设计
以及部分功能的实现
并且还将继续实现包括G IS作图在内的多个模块。
In recent years
international migration has become more and more common
while its patterns are getting increasingly complex.After several years living in a certain destination
immigrants often make repeat migrations
either to return to their home country or onward to another host country.Researchers have developed new methodologies to study the flows and patterns of transnational movements
and new theories to explain them.One of the new developments in this respect is the triangular model of human capital transfer among nations by Devoretz and Ma(2002)
which emphasizes the dynamic nature of international migration in the context of regional development.It argues that immigrants often enter into an entrepot country to accumulate transnational human capital and other capital
such as citizenship.After acquiring such capital
they can choose to stay in the country
return to their home countries
or move to another host country
in order to maximize the return to their acquired transnational capital.New challenges are posed to the study of transnational flows of human capital
requiring the use of multiple censuses of the sending country
entrepot country and major hosting country.Due to structural differences
censuses from different countries are normally in different format and cover populations within different national boundaries.As a result
the most current research on international migration is often limited to either the sending or receiving countries.Efforts are needed to integrate these data sets into a standardized one
so that variables can be unified for direct comparison and further analysis.We adopt a new approach to the integration of census micro-data of different countries into one unified framework.The framework includes two major parts: the statistical part and the mapping part.We start with the statistical part by using open source software packages
such as PHP and MySQL
to implement an integrated micro database system.The micro database includes censuses from multiple countries/regions
including the US
Canada and Hong Kong.In order to enable automated analysis
we first select common variables from different censuses and then standardize each of them to the same unit or category.These standardized variables are either called identifiers or indicators.Identifiers are variables used to identify similar population groups from different censuses and indicators are variables used to compare among groups.In the demo system
we used a total of 10 identifiers and 3 indicators.With the integrated database
we designed a search module and a statistics module.The search module uses key identifiers to search specific population groups from different censuses.The result is listed as tabulations to support further studies.The statistics module takes previous tabulations as input and output results of statistical analysis
including cross country/region comparison and uni-variable analysis(maximum/minimum/mean/std) as tables
graphs
and pre-map files.The second part of the framework is to integrate the micro database with a GIS database
the result of which can be used for mapping purposes.The statistical outputs from Part 1 are processed by the mapping module of Part2
and the system creates online map visualization.This paper mainly introduces the first part of the framework.We are still working on the second part.When both parts are finished and integrated
this system will integrate spatial information with census micro-data of different countries/regions
and provide a unified web-based demographic information system to facilitate flexible and advanced international immigration analysis.
国际移民普查数据国际人口信息系统
international migrationcensus datainternational demographic information system
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