收稿：2019-07-09，
纸质出版：2020-06-07
移动端阅览
生态系统遥感以生态系统为对象，研究生态系统类型、格局、功能、服务及其过程的遥感解析方法，发展遥感驱动的生态系统服务评估方法，揭示贯穿在生态系统类型、格局、功能、服务中的深层次生态系统过程与隐性表现。新一代卫星和传感器为生态系统遥感提供了全新的数据源。生态系统类型和格局辨识能力还有待提高，从而对智能信息提取提出了更高的要求。生态系统功能监测方面还需要充分挖掘遥感数据的深层隐含特征，发展出一些易于处理且能够反映生态系统功能特征的新指标。生态系统服务评估方面仍需，发展遥感驱动的新的生态系统评估模型。与云平台的结合是生态系统遥感的未来发展方向，为全民参与生态环境保护及监督提供了契机，也可为重大工程的生态效应评估提供更丰富的数据支撑。
Remote sensing for ecosystem mainly focuses on types and patterns identification
functions monitoring
services assessment and processes analysis of ecosystem by remote sensing based methods. The new generation of satellites and sensors provide additional earth observation data sources for ecosystem monitoring. However
the identification capability of ecosystem types has yet to be improved
which put forward higher request to intelligent information extraction (in the Big Data Era). For ecosystem function monitoring
it is necessary to fully exploit the hidden features of remote sensing data and develop new indicators that are easy to process and reflect the functional characteristics of ecosystem. In addition
advanced models are needed to better assess ecosystem services by analyzing the implicit process and performance of ecosystem. Combination with the cloud platform is the future trends of remote sensing for ecosystem
which will provide opportunities for the public participation in ecological protection
and will provide more data support for ecological effects assessment of key projects.
Arino O , Gross D , Ranera F , Leroy M , Bicheron P , Brockman C , Defourny P , Vancutsem C , Achard F , Durieux L , Bourg L , Latham J , Di Gregorio A , Witt R , Herold M , Sambale J , Plummer S , Weber J . GlobCover: ESA service for global land cover from MERIS . Proceedings of IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium . 2007 .
Barnthouse L W . The role of models in ecological risk assessment . Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , 1992 , 11 ( 12 ): 1751 - 1760 .
Buermann W , Forkel M , O’Sullivan M , Sitch S , Friedlingstein P , Haverd V , Jain A , Kato E , Kautz M , Lienert S , Lombardozzi D , Nabel J , Tian H , Wiltshire A , Zhu D , Smith S , Richardson A . Widespread seasonal compensation effects of spring warming on northern plant productivity . Nature , 2018 , 562 : 110 - 114 .
Borak J S , Lambin E F , Strahler A H . The use of temporal metrics for land cover change detection at coarse spatial scales . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 2000 , 21 : 1415 - 1432
Bonachela J A , Pringle R M , Sheffer E , Coverdale T , Guyton J , Caylor K , Levin S , Tarnita C . Termite mounds can increase the robustness of dryland ecosystems to climatic change . Science , 2015 , 347 ( 6222 ): 651 - 655 .
Carpenter S R. , DeFries R , Dietz T , Mooney H , Polasky S , Reid W , Scholes R . Millennium Ecosystem Assessment: Research Needs . Science , 2006 , 314 ( 5797 ), 257 – 258 .
Chen J , Chen J , Liao A P , Cao X , Chen L J , Chen X H , He C Y , Han G , Peng S , Lu M , Zhang W W , Mills J . Global land cover mapping at 30 m resolution: A POK-based operational approach . ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing , 2015 , 103 : 7 - 27 .
Chen J M , Ju W M , Ciais P , Viovy N , Liu R G , Liu Y , Lu X H . Vegetation structural change since 1981 significantly enhanced the terrestrial carbon sink . Nature Communications , 2019 , 10 : 4259 .
Constable A J , Costa D P , Schofield O , Newman L , Urban E , Fulton E , Melbourne-Thomas J , Ballerini T , Boyd P , Brandt A , de la Mare W , Edwards M , Eléaume M , Emmerson L , Fennel K , Fielding S , Griffiths H , Gutt J , Hindell M , Hofmann E , Jennings S , La H S , McCurdy A , Mitchell B G , Moltmann T , Muelbert M , Murphy E , Press A , Raymond B , Reid K , Reiss C , Rice J , Salter I , Smith D , Song S , Southwell C , Swadling K , Van de Putte A , Willis Z . Developing priority variables (“ecosystem Essential Ocean Variables” — eEOVs) for observing dynamics and change in Southern Ocean ecosystems . Journal of Marine Systems , 2016 , 161 : 26 - 41 .
Donchyts G , Baart F , Winsemius H , Gorelick N , Kwadijk J C , De Giesen N V . Earth's surface water change over the past 30 years . Nature Climate Change , 2016 , 6 : 810 - 813 .
Drusch M , Moreno J , Del Bello U , Franco R , Goulas Y , Huth A , Kraft S , Middleton E , Miglietta F , Mohammed G , Nedbal L , Rascher U , Schuttemeyer D , Verhoef W . The FLuorescence EXplorer mission concept — ESA’s Earth Explorer 8 . IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 2017 , 55 : 1273 - 1284 .
Du S , Liu L , Liu X , Zhang X , Zhang X , Bi Y , Zhang L . Retrieval of global terrestrial solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence from TanSat satellite . Science Bulletin , 2018 , 63 ( 22 ): 1502 - 1512 .
Duriancik L F , Bucks D , Dobrowolski J P , Drewes T , Eckles S , Jolley L , Kellogg R , Lund D , Makuch J , Oneill M , Rewa C , Walbridge M , Parry R , Weltz M . The first five years of the Conservation Effects Assessment Project . Journal of Soil and Water Conservation , 2008 , 63 ( 6 ): 185 - 197 .
Fang H L , Jiang C Y , Li W J , Wei S S , Baret F , Chen J M , Garciaharo J , Liang S L , Liu R G , Myneni R B , Pinty B , Xiao Z Q , Zhu Z C . Characterization and intercomparison of global moderate resolution leaf area index (LAI) products: Analysis of climatologies and theoretical uncertainties . Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeoscience , 2013 , 118 ( 2 ): 529 - 548 .
Fasona M , Tadross M , Abiodun B , Omojola A . Some implications of terrestrial ecosystems response to climate change for adaptation in Nigeria's wooded savannah . Environmental Development , 2013 , 5 ( 1 ): 73 – 95
Feng X M , Fu B J , Piao S L , Wang S , Ciais P , Zeng Z Z , Lu Y H , Zeng Y , Li Y , Jiang X H , Wu B F . Revegetation in China’s Loess Plateau is approaching sustainable water resource limits . Nature : Communications , 2016 , 6 : 1019 – 1022 .
Frampton W , Dash J , Watmough G , Milton E . Evaluating the capabilities of Sentinel-2 for quantitative estimation of biophysical variables in vegetation . ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing , 2013 , 82 : 83 - 92 .
Fu B J , Liu S L , Ma K M . The contents and methods of integrated ecosystem assessment . Acta Ecologica Sinica , 2001 , 2111 ): 1885 - 1892
傅伯杰 ， 刘士梁 ， 马克明 . 生态系统综合评价的内容与方法 . 生态学报 ， 2001 ， 21 ( 11 ): 1885-1892
Fu B J , Zhou G Y , Bai Y F , Song C C , Liu J Y , Zhang H Y , Lv Y H , Zheng H , Xie G D . The main terrestrial ecosystem services and ecological security in China . Advances in Earth Science , 2009 , 25 ( 06 ): 571 - 576
傅伯杰 ， 周国逸 ， 白永飞 ， 宋长春 ， 刘纪远 ， 张惠远 ， 吕一河 ， 郑华 ， 谢高地 . 中国主要陆地生态系统服务功能与生态安全 . 地球科学进展 ， 2009 ， 24 ( 06 ): 571 - 576
Fu B J , Zhang L W . Land-use change and ecosystem services: concepts, methods and progress . Progress in Geography , 2014 , 3304 ): 441 - 446
傅伯杰 . 土地利用变化与生态系统服务:概念、方法与进展 . 地理科学进展 , 2014 , 33 ( 04 ): 441-446
Gara T W , Darvishzadeh R , Skidmore A K , Wang T , Heurich M . Accurate modelling of canopy traits from seasonal Sentinel-2 imagery based on the vertical distribution of leaf traits . ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing , 2019 , 157 : 108 - 123 .
GCOS . Systematic observation requirements for satellite based products for climate (2011 update) . GCOS-154 , GCOS , 2011
Gong P , Liu H , Zhang M N , Li C C , Wang J , Huang H B , Clinton N , Ji L Y , Li W Y , Bai Y Q , Chen B , Xu B , Zhu Z L , Yuan C , Suen H P , Guo J , Xu N , Li W J , Zhao Y Y , Yang J , Yu C Q , Wang X , Fu H H , Yu L , Dronova I , Hui F M , Cheng X , Shi X L , Xiao F J , Liu Q F , Song L C . Stable classification with limited sample: transferring a 30-m resolution sample set collected in 2015 to mapping 10-m resolution global land cover in 2017 . Science Bulletin , 2019 , 64 ( 6 ): 370 - 373 .
Gorelick N , Hancher M , Dixon M , Ilyushchenko S , Thau D , Moore R . Google earth engine: planetary-scale geospatial analysis for everyone . Remote Sensing of Environment , 2017 , 202 : 18 - 27 .
Hansen M C , Defries R S , Townshend J R G , Sohlberg R . Global land cover classification at 1 km spatial resolution using a classification tree approach . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 2000 , 21 ( 6-7 ): 1331 - 1364 .
Huang W , Xiao L , Wei Z , Liu H , Tang S . A New Pan-Sharpening Method with Deep Neural Networks . IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters . 2015 , 12 ( 5 ), 1037 - 1041 .
Imaoka K , Kachi M , Fujii H , Murakami H , Hori M , Ono A , Igarashi T , Nakagawa K , Oki T , Honda Y , Shimoda H . Global Change Observation Mission (GCOM) for Monitoring Carbon, Water Cycles, and Climate Change . Proceedings of IEEE , 2010 , 98 ( 5 ): 717 - 734 .
Ju H B . Monitoring and Assessment Techniques for State Key Forestry Ecological Projects . Journal of Northwest Forestry University . 2003 , 18 ( 1 ): 56 - 58
鞠洪波 . 国家重大林业生态工程监测与评价技术研究 . 西北林学院学报 ， 2003 ， 18 （ 1 ）： 56 - 58
Lavalle C , Mccormick N , Kasanko M , Demicheli L , Barredo J , TurChini M . Monitoring, planning and forecasting dynamics in European Areas: The territorial approach as key to implement European policies . CORP , 2002 : 367 - 373 .
Lawford R . 2014 . The GEOSS Water Strategy: From Observations to Decisions . Geneva : Group on Earth Observations .
Li Y , Zhao M S , Motesharrei S , Mu Q , Kalnay E , Li S . Local cooling and warming effects of forests based on satellite observations . Nature : Communications , 2015 , 6 : 6630 .
Li Z Y , Liu Q W , Pang Y . Review on forest parameters inversion using LiDAR . Journal of Remote Sensing , 2016 20 5 ): 1138 - 1150
李增元 , 刘清旺 , 庞勇 . 激光雷达森林参数反演研究进展 . 遥感学报 , 2016 , 20 ( 5 ): 1138-1150
Liang S L , Zhang X T , Xiao Z Q , Cheng J , Liu Q , Zhao X . Global LAnd Surface Satellite (GLASS) Products: Algorithms, Validation and Analysis . 2014 , High Education Press, Beijing .
梁顺林 ， 张晓通 ， 肖志强 ， 程洁 ， 刘强 ， 赵祥 . 全球陆表特征参量(GLASS)产品:算法、验证与分析 . 2014 ， 高等教育出版社：北京
Liu J B , Ma Y , Wu Y T , Chen F . Review of methods and applications of high spatiotemporal fusion of remote sensing data . Journal of Remote Sensing , 2016 , 20 ( 5 ): 1038 - 1049
刘建波 ， 马勇 ， 武易天 ， 陈甫 . 遥感高时空融合方法的研究进展及应用现状 . 遥感学报 , 2016 , 20 ( 5 ): 1038 - 1049
Liu J Y , Yue T X , Ju H B , Wang Q , Li X B . Integrated Ecosystem Assessment of Western China . 2006 , China Meteorological Press : Beijing
刘纪远 ， 岳天祥 ， 鞠洪波 ， 王桥 ， 李秀彬 . 中国西部生态系统综合评估 . 2006 ， 气象出版社：北京
Moore B , Crowell S , Rayner P , Kumer J , Odell C W , Obrien D M , Utembe S R , Polonsky I , Schimel D , Lemen J R . The Potential of the Geostationary Carbon Cycle Observatory (GeoCarb) to Provide Multi-scale Constraints on the Carbon Cycle in the Americas . Frontiers in Environmental Science , 2018 ( 6 ), 109( 13 ）.
Müller D , Chemyakin E , Kolgotin A , Ferrare R A , Hostetler C A , Romanov A . Automated, unsupervised inversion of multiwavelength lidar data with TiARA: assessment of retrieval performance of microphysical parameters using simulated data . Applied Optics . 2019 , 58 ( 18 ), 4981 - 5008 .
Odum E P . Fundamentals of Ecology . 1971 , Philadelphia: Saunders .
Pereira H M , Ferrier S , Walters M , Geller G N , Jongman R H G , Scholes R J , Bruford M W , Brummitt N , Butchart S H M , Cardoso A C , Coops N C , Dulloo E , Faith D P , Freyhof J , Gregory R D , Heip C H R , Hoft R , Hurtt G C , Jetz W , Karp D S , Mcgeoch M A , Obura D , Onoda Y , Pettorelli N , Reyers B , Sayre R , Scharlemann J P W , Stuart S N , Turak E , Walpole M , Wegmann M . Essential biodiversity variables . Science , 2013 , 339 ( 6117 ): 277 - 278 .
Quegan S , Le Toan T , Chavec J , Dall J , Exbrayat J , Minh D , Lomas M , Dalessandro M M , Paillou P , Papathanassiou K , Rocca F , Saatchi S , Scipal K , Shugart H , Smallman T L , Soja M J , Tebaldini S , Ulander L , Villard L , Williams M . The European Space Agency BIOMASS mission: Measuring forest above-ground biomass from space . Remote Sensing of Environment , 2019 , 227 : 44 - 60 .
Ouyang Z Y , Wang Q , Zheng H , Zhang F , Hou P . National Ecosystem Survey and Assessment of China ( 2000-2010 ). Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences , 2014 , 29 ( 04 ): 462 - 466
欧阳志云 ， 王桥 ， 郑华 ， 张峰 ， 侯鹏 . 全国生态环境十年变化(2000—2010年)遥感调查评估 . 中国科学院院刊 , 2014 , 29 ( 04 ): 462 - 466
Ouyang Z Y , Zhang L , Wu B F , Li X S , Xu W H , Xiao Y , Zheng H . An ecosystem classification system based on remote sensor information in China . Acta Ecologica Sinica . 2015 , 35 ( 2 ): 219 - 226
欧阳志云 ， 张路 ， 吴炳方 ， 李晓松 ， 徐卫华 ， 肖燚 ， 郑华 等 . 基于遥感技术的全国生态系统分类体系 . 生态学报 , 2015 , 35 ( 2 ): 219 - 226
Ouyang Z Y , Zheng H , Xiao Y , Polasky S , Liu J G , Xu W H , Wang Q , Zhang L , Xiao Y , Rao E M , Jiang L , Lu F , Wang X K , Yang G B , Gong S H , Wu B F , Zeng Y , Yang W , Daily G C . Improvements in ecosystem services from investments in natural capital . Science . 2016 , 392 ( 6292 ), 1455 - 1459 .
Pringle R M , Doak D F , Brody A K , Jocque R , Palmer T M . Spatial Pattern Enhances Ecosystem Functioning in an African Savanna . PLOS Biology , 2010 , 8 ( 5 ): e1000377 .
Rapport D J , Costanza R , McMichael A J . Assessing ecosystem health . Trends in Ecology & Evolution . 1998 , 13 ( 10 ): 397 - 402 .
Ratnam J , Tomlinson K W , Rasquinha D N , Sankaran M . Savannahs of Asia: antiquity, biogeography, and an uncertain future . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B : Biological Sciences , 2016 , 371 ( 1703 ): 20150305 .
Russakovsky O , Deng J , Su H , Krause J , Satheesh S , Ma S , Huang Z H , Karpathy A , Khosla A , Bernstein M S , Berg A C , Li F F . ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge . International Journal of Computer Vision . 2015 , 115 ( 3 ): 211 - 252 .
Salomonson V , Barnes W , Masuoka E . Introduction to MODIS and an Overview of Associated Activities . in "Earth Science Satellite Remote Sensing" . 2006 , Springer: 12 - 32 .
Schulz K , Hänsch R , Sörgel U . Machine learning methods for remote sensing applications: an overview . Proc. SPIE 10790 , Earth Resources and Environmental Remote Sensing/GIS Applications IX , 2018 .
Stavros E N , Schimel D , Pavlick R , Serbin S P , Swann A L S , Duncanson L , Fisher J B , Fassnacht F E , Ustin S L , Dubayah R , Schweiger A K , Wennberg P O . ISS observations offer insights into plant function . Nature Ecology & Evolution , 2017 , 1 ( 7 ): 0194 .
Tang H , Armston J , Hancock S , Marselis S M , Goetz S J , Dubayah R . Characterizing global forest canopy cover distribution using spaceborne lidar . Remote Sensing of Environment , 2019 , 231 : 111262 .
Tansley A . G . The Use and Abuse of Vegetational Concepts and Terms. Ecology , 1935 , 16 ( 3 ): 284 - 307 .
Tarnita C E , Bonachela J A , Sheffer E , Guyton J A , Coverdale T C , Long R A , Pringle R M . A theoretical foundation for multi-scale regular vegetation patterns . Nature , 2017 , 541 : 398 - 401 .
Verger A , Baret F , Weiss M . Near Real-Time Vegetation Monitoring At Global Scale . IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing , 2014 , 7 ( 8 ): 3473 - 3481 .
Wang J , Xiao X M , Qin Y W , Dong J W , Geissler G L , Zhang G L , Cejda N I , Alikhani B , Doughty R B . Mapping the dynamics of eastern redcedar encroachment into grasslands during 1984-2010 through PALSAR and time series Landsat images , Remote Sensing of Environment , 2017 , 190 : 233 - 246
Wang J , Xiao X M , Qin Y W , Doughty R B , Dong J W , Zou Z H . Characterizing the encroachment of juniper forests into sub-humid and semi-arid prairies from 1984 to 2010 using PALSAR and Landsat data . Remote Sensing of Environment , 2018a , 205 : 166 - 179 .
Wang J , Xiao X M , Zhang Y , Qin Y W , Doughty R B , Wu X C , Bajgain R , Du L . Enhanced gross primary production and evapotranspiration in juniper-encroached grasslands . Global Change Biology . 2018b , 24 : 5655 – 5667 .
Wang Q , Liu S H . Research and implementation of national environmental remote sensing monitoring system . Journal of Remote Sensing , 2016 , 205 ): 1161 - 1169
王桥 , 刘思含 . 国家环境遥感监测体系研究与实现 . 遥感学报 , 2016 , 20 ( 5 ): 1161-1169
Wang Y B , Ma J , Xiao X M , Wang X X , Dai S Q , Zhao B . Long-Term Dynamic of Poyang Lake Surface Water: A Mapping Work Based on the Google Earth Engine Cloud Platform . Remote Sensing . 2019 , 11 ( 3 ): 313 .
Weiss M , Baret F , Garrigues S , Lacaze R . LAI and Fapar Cyclopes Global Products derived from vegetation (Part 2): Validation and comparison with MODIS Collection 4 Products . Remote Sensing of Environment , 2007 , 110 ( 3 ): 317 - 331 .
Wu B F . China’s Land Cover . 2017 , Science Press : Beijing .
吴炳方 . 中国土地覆被 : 2017 ， 科学出版社 ： 北京
Wu B F . Special Issue on Ecological Environment Monitoring and Assessment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area . Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin , 2011 , 20 ( 3 )
吴炳方 . “三峡库区生态环境监测与评估专辑” , 长江流域资源与环境 ， 2011 , 20 ( 3 )
Wu B F , Qian J K , Zeng Y . Land Cover Atlas of the People's Republic of China ( 1 : 1 , 000 , 000 ). 2017, SinoMaps Press: Beijing
吴炳方 ， 钱金凯 ， 曾源 . 中华人民共和国土地覆被地图集 . 2017 ， 中国地图出版社：北京
Wu B F , Chen Y B , Zang X P , Yin K , Liu Y X . Preliminary analysis on the driving force mechanisms of ecological environmental changes in Three Gorges Project construction term . Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin , 2011 , 20 ( 3 ): 262 - 268
吴炳方 ， 陈永柏 ， 臧小平 ， 尹锴 ， 刘远新 . 三峡工程建设期生态环境演变驱动力机制浅析 . 长江流域资源与环境 ， 2011 ， 20 （ 3 ）： 262 - 268
Wu B F , Sun W D , Huang Q , Guan H Y , Yang W N . Eco-Environment dynamic monitoring with remote sensing in typical region of Western China . Journal of Soil and Water Conservation , 2004 , 18 ( 5 ), 46 - 50
吴炳方 ， 孙卫东 ， 黄签 ， 管海晏 ， 杨武年 . 中国西部典型区生态环境本底遥感调查 . 水土保持学报 ， 2004 ， 18 （ 5 ）： 46 - 50
Wu B F , Yan N N . Remote sensing monitoring and Post Environmental Impact Assessment of Hai Basin ecological management project , 2019b, Science Press: Beijing
吴炳方 , 闫娜娜 . 海河流域治理工程生态效应遥感监测与评估 . 2019b , 科学出版社 ：北京
Wu B F , Yan N N , Xiong J , Bastiaanssen W G , Zhu W W , Stein A . Validation of ETWatch using field measurements at diverse landscapes: A case study in Hai Basin of China . Journal of Hydrology , 2012 , 436-437 : 67 - 80 .
Wu B F , Zeng H W , Yan N N , Zhang M . Approach for Estimating Available Consumable Water for Human Activities in a River Basin . Water Resources Management , 2018 , 32 ( 7 ): 2353 – 2368 .
Wu B F , Zeng Y , Zhao D . Ecological variables monitoring and its change patterns in China . 2019 a , Science Press : Beijing
吴炳方 ， 曾源 ， 赵旦 . 中国生态参数遥感监测方法及其变化格局 . 2019 a ， 科学出版社：北京
Wu B F , Zhang M , Zeng H W , Zhang X , Yan N N and Meng J H . Agricultural monitoring and early warning in the era of big data . Journal of Remote Sensing , 2016 , 20 ( 5 ): 1027 - 1037
吴炳方 ， 张淼 ， 曾红伟 ， 张鑫 ， 闫娜娜 ， 蒙继华 . 大数据时代的农情监测与预警 . 遥感学报 , 2016 , 20 ( 5 ): 1027 - 1037
Wu H T , Zhang L , Zhang X . Cloud Data and Computing Services Allow Regional Environmental Assessment: A Case Study of Macquarie-Castlereagh, Australia . Chinese Geographical Science , 2019 , 29 ( 3 ): 394 - 404
Wulder M A , Coops N C , Roy D P , White J C , Hermosilla T . Land cover 2 . 0 . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 2018 , 39 ( 12 ): 4254 - 4284 .
Yan N N , Wu B F , Perry C . Assessing potential water savings in agriculture on the Hai Basin plain, China . Agricultural Water Management . 2015 , 154 : 11 - 19 .
Zeng H W , Wu B F , Zhu W W , Zhang N . A trade-off method between environment restoration and human water consumption: A case study in Ebinur Lake . Journal of Cleaner Production , 2019 , 217 : 732 - 741 .
Zhang D H . Application of remote sensing image on forestry in China . Missiles and Spacecraft . 1990 , 8 : 7 - 9
张德宏 . 卫星遥感影像在我国林业中的应用 . 世界导弹与航天 ， 1990 ， 8 ： 7 - 9
Zhang Y H , Foody G M , Ling F , Li X D , Ge Y , Du Y , Atkinson P M . Spatial-temporal fraction map fusion with multi-scale remotely sensed images . Remote Sensing of Environment , 2018 , 213 : 162 - 181 .
Zhang Z Q , Xu Z M , Cheng G D . Valuation of ecosystem services and natural capital . Acta Ecologica Sinica , 2001 , 2111 ): 1918 - 1926
张志强 ， 徐中民 ， 程国栋 . 生态系统服务与自然资本价值评估 . 生态学报 . 2001 , 21 ( 11 ): 1918-1926
Zhu J J , Zheng X , Yan Q L . Assessment of Impacts of the Three-North Protective Forest Program on Ecological Environments by Remote Sensing Technology - Launched after 30 years (1978-2008) . 2016 , Science Press: Beijing
朱教君 ， 郑晓 ， 闫巧玲 . 三北防护林工程生态环境效应遥感监测与评估研究：三北防护林体系工程建设30年（1978-2008） . 2016 ， 科学出版社：北京
Zhu Z C , Piao S L , Myneni R , Huang M T , Zeng Z Z , Canadell J G , Ciais P , Sitch S , Friedlingstein P , Arneth A , Cao C X , Cheng L , Kato E , Koven C D , Li Y , Lian X , Liu Y W , Liu R G , Mao J F , Pan Y Z , Peng S S , Penuelas J , Poulter B , Pugh T A M , Stocker B D , Viovy N , Wang X H , Wang Y P , Xiao Z Q , Yang H , Zaehle S , Zeng N . Greening of the Earth and its drivers . Nature Climate Change , 2016 , 6 : 791 - 795
相关作者
相关机构
京公网安备11010802024621
