体散射函数测量技术定标方法研究进展

刘聪; 李彩

doi:10.11834/jrs.20221491

综述 | 浏览量 : 0 下载量: 1900 CSCD: 1

R-PDF
PDF
导出
分享
收藏
专辑

体散射函数测量技术定标方法研究进展
Research progress in the calibration method of the volume scattering function measurement technique
2023年27卷第2期页码：285-298
收稿：2021-07-19，

纸质出版：2023-02-07
DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20221491
稿件说明：

移动端阅览

刘聪，李彩.2023.体散射函数测量技术定标方法研究进展.遥感学报，27（2）： 285-298 DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20221491.

Liu C and Li C. 2023. Research progress in the calibration method of the volume scattering function measurement technique. National Remote Sensing Bulletin， 27（2）：285-298 DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20221491.

摘要

体散射函数描述了光被水体散射后的角度分布特性，是海水固有光学特性之一，在水色遥感、生物光学特性及海气交互过程研究等光学海洋学研究及应用领域具有十分重要的意义。基于其强方向性、大动态范围、后向散射微弱等特点，体散射函数测量技术定标方法及应用研究至今仍在不断探索进步中。伴随体散射函数测量技术的发展，相继出现了基于散射体及散射通量的定标方法、基于漫射体与传感器响应权重函数的定标方法以及基于标准物质与传感器响应权重函数的定标方法等3大类体散射函数定标方法。相较于基于散射体及散射通量的定标方法，基于漫射体与传感器响应权重函数的定标方法可有效解决散射体估算难度大等问题，但更适用于宽视场角的后向散射仪；基于标准物质与传感器响应权重函数的定标方法极大简化了定标过程，且不受散射角度范围的限制。可以预见，上述3大类体散射函数定标方法的变通和组合方案是未来很长一段时间的主要定标方法，而基于标准物质与传感器响应权重函数的定标方法将是未来体散射函数最有优势的定标方法。本文以水体体散射函数定标方法为主线，归纳总结了国内外水体体散射函数定标、测量以及应用研究进展，并对未来体散射函数定标方法的发展趋势进行展望。

Abstract

The Volume Scattering Function (VSF) is an important Inherent Optical Property (IOP) of seawater

which is a critical and fundamental parameter to describe the angular distribution of the scattering of incident light by water. In particular

the VSF has a significant importance in the field of ocean color remote sensing

atmosphere-sea interaction

eco-disaster alerting. Due to a strong directional distribution characterized by a large dynamic range in signal in the whole scatter directions and faint backscattering signal

the VSF measurement and calibration are complex and the research is still in the process of exploration and progress. In this paper

the research progress of calibration method and measurement technology of VSF has been summarized

and the development tendency of the VSF calibration method has been predicted.

Since the birth of the first backscattering in situ measurement instrument in the 1930s

the calibration methods of the VSF measurement improved gradually with the development of measurement techniques. There are three main methods for calibrating the VSF measurement: the first is based on the estimation of the scattering volume and the scattering flux

the second is based on a diffusing target throughout the sample volume to obtain the sensor response weighting function

and the third is based on the Mie theory and the standard solution or particles to obtain the sensor response weighting function. For the first calibration method

the scattering volume is generally calculated based on the optical and mechanical structures with the plausible assumptions

and the scattering flux can be obtained by the response of each scattering sensor to a Lambertian target as a function of distance

this method is limited in the range of angles due to the large error in the estimation of scattering volume of the forward small angle and the backward near 180°. For the second one

the core of this method is the obtaining of the detector’‍s weighting function

and it is not modeled by the structure parameters of the instrument

but accurately measured through the moving a diffusing target throughout the sample volume

this method can effectively solve the problems of difficult and inaccurate scatterer estimation

and it is more suitable for large backscattering with wide Field Of View (FOV). In addition

for the last one

based on standard materials with known physical features and Mie scattering or Rayleigh scattering

the scattering properties of standard materials can be calculated theoretically. The detector’s weighting function or calibration coefficient is obtained by matching the measured original signals with the theoretical value. Using this method

the calibration process of the VSF measurement has been significantly simplified

and no longer constrained to the scattering angle range. It is clear that the precision of this method is positively related to the degree of perfection of the theoretical model and the parametric information of the standard substance.

With the gradual improvement in the understanding of the IOPs of water

and the increasing demand for in situ measurements

the VSF measurement technology and the calibrating precision are also constantly innovated and optimized. It can be anticipated that all above three main types of the VSF calibration methods or a variant combination of them will continue for a long period of time

while the calibration method based on standard matter and sensor response weighting function will play an important role in the future.

关键词

Keywords

references

Babin M , Stramski D , Reynolds R A , Wright V M and Leymarie E . 2012 . Determination of the volume scattering function of aqueous particle suspensions with a laboratory multi-angle light scattering instrument . Applied Optics , 51 ( 17 ): 3853 - 3873 [ DOI: 10.1364/ao.51.003853 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.51.003853 ]

Balch W M , Drapeau D T , Cucci T L , Vaillancourt R D , Kilpatrick K A and Fritz J J . 1999 . Optical backscattering by calcifying algae: separating the contribution of particulate inorganic and organic carbon fractions . Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans , 104 ( C1 ): 1541 - 1558 [ DOI: 10.1029/1998jc900035 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1998jc900035 ]

Bohren C F and Huffman D R . 1983 . Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles . New York : John Wiley and Sons

Brice B A , Halwer M and Speiser R . 1950 . Photoelectric light-scattering photometer for determining high molecular weights . Journal of the Optical Society of America , 40 ( 11 ): 768 - 778 [ DOI: 10.1364/josa.40.000768 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josa.40.000768 ]

Chami M , Marken E , Stamnes J J , Khomenko G and Korotaev G . 2006a . Variability of the relationship between the particulate backscattering coefficient and the volume scattering function measured at fixed angles . Journal of Geophysical Research : Oceans , 111 ( C5 ): C 05013 [ DOI: 10.1029/2005jc003230 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005jc003230 ]

Chami M , McKee D , Leymarie E and Khomenko G . 2006b . Influence of the angular shape of the volume-scattering function and multiple scattering on remote sensing reflectance . Applied Optics , 45 ( 36 ): 9210 - 9220 [ DOI: 10.1364/ao.45.009210 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.45.009210 ]

Chami M , Shybanov E B , Churilova T Y , Khomenko G A , Lee M E G , Martynov O V , Berseneva G A and Korotaev G K . 2005 . Optical properties of the particles in the Crimea coastal waters (Black Sea) . Journal of Geophysical Research : Oceans , 110 ( C11 ): C 11020 [ DOI: 10.1029/2005jc003008 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005jc003008 ]

Chami M , Thirouard A and Harmel T . 2014 . POLVSM (Polarized Volume Scattering Meter) instrument: an innovative device to measure the directional and polarized scattering properties of hydrosols . Optics Express , 22 ( 21 ): 26403 - 26428 [ DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.026403 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.22.026403 ]

Chen D , Liu B Y , Yang Q , Tang J W and Wu S H . 2021 . Measurement of volume scattering function of suspended particles in water approaching to 180°‍ . Infrared and Laser Engineering , 50 ( 6 ): 20211029

陈都 , 刘秉义 , 杨倩 , 唐军武 , 吴松华 . 2021 . 近180°水中悬浮颗粒物体积散射函数测量 . 红外与激光工程 , 50 ( 6 ): 20211029 [ DOI: 10.3788/IRLA20211029 http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/IRLA20211029 ]

Czerski H , Twardowski M , Zhang X and Vagle S . 2011 . Resolving size distributions of bubbles with radii less than 30 μm with optical and acoustical methods . Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans , 116 ( C7 ): C00 H 11 [ DOI: 10.1029/2011JC007177 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JC007177 ]

Dana D R and Maffione R A . 2000 . HydroBeta: a new instrument for measuring in-situ profiles of the volume scattering function from 10 to 170 degrees . Ocean Optics XV, Monaco . https://www.hobilabs.‍com/cmsitems/attachments/3/HydroBetaOOXVExtendedAbstract.pdf https://www.hobilabs.‍com/cmsitems/attachments/3/HydroBetaOOXVExtendedAbstract.pdf

Dana D R and Maffione R A . 2002 . Determining the Backward Scattering Coefficient with Fixed-Angle Backscattering Sensors—Revisited . Ocean Optics XVI, Santa Fe, New Mexico 22 ( 6 ): 18 - 22

Dawson L H and Hulburt E O . 1941 . Angular distribution of light scattered in liquids . Journal of the Optical Society of America , 31 ( 8 ): 554 - 558 [ DOI: 10.1364/josa.31.000554 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josa.31.000554 ]

Duntley S Q . 1963 . Light in the sea . Journal of the Optical Society of America , 53 ( 2 ): 214 - 233 [ DOI: 10.1364/JOSA.53.000214 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/JOSA.53.000214 ]

Gibbs R J . 1978 . Light scattering from particles of different shapes . Journal of Geophysical Research : Oceans , 83 ( C1 ): 501 - 502 [ DOI: 10.1029/JC083iC01p00501 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/JC083iC01p00501 ]

Haltrin V I . 2006 . Absorption and scattering of light in natural waters //Kokhanovsky A A, ed. Light Scattering Reviews . Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer: 445 - 486 [ DOI: 10.1007/3-540-37672-0_10 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-37672-0_10 ]

Harrison V G W . 1946 . The light-diffusing properties of magnesium oxide . Proceedings of the Physical Society , 58 ( 4 ): 408 - 419 [ DOI: 10.1088/0959-5309/58/4/309 http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0959-5309/58/4/309 ]

Hodkinson J R . 1963 . Light scattering and extinction by irregular particles larger than the wavelength. Ices Electromagnetic Scattering . Postdam : Milton Kerer : 87 - 100

Højerslev N K . 1994 . A history of early optical oceanographic instrument design in Scandinavia //Spinrad R W, Carder K L, Perry M J, eds. Ocean Optics . Oxford : Oxford University Press: 118 - 147

Hu L B , Zhang X D , Xiong Y H and He M X . 2019 . Calibration of the LISST-VSF to derive the volume scattering functions in clear waters . Optics Express , 27 ( 16 ): A1188 - A1206 [ DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.0a1188 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.27.0a1188 ]

Jerlov N G . 1961 . Optical measurements in the eastern North Atlantic . (“Discovery Ⅱ” expedition of August and September 1959 ). Meddelanden från Oceanografiska Institutet i Göteborg. 30 . 22 - 32

Krishnan K S . 1925 . LXXV. On the molecular scattering of light in liquids . Philosophical Magazine , 50 ( 298 ): 697 - 715 [ DOI: 10.1080/14786442508634789 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786442508634789 ]

Kullenberg G . 1968 . Scattering of light by sargasso sea water . Deep Sea Research and Oceanographic Abstracts , 15 ( 4 ): 423 - 432 [ DOI: 10.1016/0011-7471(68)90050-8 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0011-7471(68)90050-8 ]

Kullenberg G . 1978 . Light-scattering observations in frontal zones . Journal of Geophysical Research : Oceans , 83 ( C9 ): 4683 - 4690 [ DOI: 10.1029/JC083iC09p04683 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/JC083iC09p04683 ]

Kullenberg G . 1984 . Observations of light scattering functions in two oceanic areas . Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers , 31 ( 3 ): 295 - 316 [ DOI: 10.1016/0198-0149(84)90106-7 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(84)90106-7 ]

Lee M E and Lewis M R . 2003 . A new method for the measurement of the optical volume scattering function in the upper ocean . Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology , 20 ( 4 ): 563 - 571 [ DOI: 10.1175/1520-0426(2003)20<563:anmftm>2.0.co;2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(2003)20<563:anmftm>2.0.co;2 ]

Lee Z P , Carder K L and Arnone R A . 2002 . Deriving inherent optical properties from water color: a multiband quasi-analytical algorithm for optically deep waters . Applied Optics , 41 ( 27 ): 5755 - 5772 [ DOI: 10.1364/ao.41.005755 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.41.005755 ]

Li C , Cao W X and Yang Y Z . 2012 . Optical scattering property: spatial and angle variability in Daya Bay . Chinese Optics Letters , 10 ( S2 ): S 20101 [ DOI: 10.3788/col201210.s20101 http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201210.s20101 ]

Li C , Cao W X , Yang Y Z and Xu Z T . 2015 . The optical scattering property: spatial and angle variability in Northern South China Sea // Proceedings Volume 9449, The International Conference on Photonics and Optical Engineering . Xi’an : SPIE [ DOI: 10.1117/12.2075865 http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2075865 ]

Maffione R A , Dana D R and Honey R C . 1991 . Instrument for underwater measurement of optical backscatter // Proceedings Volume 1537 , Underwater Imaging, Photography, and Visibility. San Diego : SPIE: 173 - 184 [ DOI: 10.1117/12.48882 http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.48882 ]

Maffione R A and Dana D R . 1997 . Instruments and methods for measuring the backward-scattering coefficient of ocean waters . Applied Optics , 36 ( 24 ): 6057 - 6067 [ DOI: 10.1364/AO.36.006057 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.36.006057 ]

Martin W H and Lehrman S . 1922 . The scattering of light by dust-free liquids. II . The Journal of Physical Chemistry , 26 ( 1 ): 75 - 88 [ DOI: 10.1021/j150217a006 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j150217a006 ]

McLeroy-Etheridge S L and Roesler C S . 1998 . Are the inherent optical properties of phytoplankton responsible for the distinct ocean colors observed during harmful algal blooms? // Ocean Optics XIV . Kailua-Kona, Hawaii : [s.n.]

Mobley C D , Sundman L K and Boss E . 2002 . Phase function effects on oceanic light fields . Applied Optics , 41 ( 6 ): 1035 - 1050 [ DOI: 10.1364/ao.41.001035 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.41.001035 ]

Moore C , Twardowski M S and Zaneveld J R V . 2000 . The ECO VSF: a multiangle scattering sensor for determination of the volume scattering function in the backward direction . Ocean Optics XV, Monaco

Oishi T . 1990 . Significant relationship between the backward scattering coefficient of sea water and the scatterance at 120° . Applied Optics , 29 ( 31 ): 4658 - 4665 [ DOI: 10.1364/ao.29.004658 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.29.004658 ]

Pak H , Zaneveld J R V and Beardsley G F . 1971 . Mie scattering by suspended clay particles . Journal of Geophysical Research , 76 ( 21 ): 5065 - 5069 [ DOI: 10.1029/JC076i021p05065 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/JC076i021p05065 ]

Pettersson H . 1934a . Scattering and extinction of light in sea-water. [s.l.]: Elanders Boktryckeri Aktiebolag

Pettersson H . 1934b . A transparency-meter for sea-water. [s.l.]: Elanders Boktryckeri Aktiebolag

Pettersson H . 1936 . Transparency of sea-water . Nature , 137 ( 3454 ): 68 [ DOI: 10.1038/137068a0 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/137068a0 ]

Pettersson H . 1939 . Oceanografi: vetenskapen om havet . Stockholm : Albert Bonniers Förlag

Petzold T J . 1972 . Volume Scattering Functions for Selected Ocean Waters . Scripps Institution of Oceanography

Preston J S . 1929 . The reflection factor of magnesium oxide . Transactions of the Optical Society , 31 ( 1 ): 15 - 35 [ DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/31/1/303 http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-4878/31/1/303 ]

Raman C V and Rao K S . 1923 . LXIII. On the molecular scattering and extinction of light in liquids and the determination of the Avogadro constant . Philosophical Magazine , 45 ( 267 ): 625 - 640 [ DOI: 10.1080/14786442308634152 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786442308634152 ]

Rehm E and McCormick N J . 2011 . Inherent optical property estimation in deep waters . Optics Express , 19 ( 25 ): 24986 - 25005 [ DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.024986 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.19.024986 ]

Ryde J W . 1931 . The scattering of light by turbid media. –Part I . Proceedings of the Royal Society A : Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences , 131 ( 817 ): 451 - 464 [ DOI: 10.1098/rspa.1931.0064 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1931.0064 ]

Slade W H and Boss E S . 2006 . Calibrated near-forward volume scattering function obtained from the LISST particle sizer . Optics Express , 14 ( 8 ): 3602 - 3615 [ DOI: 10.1364/oe.14.003602 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.14.003602 ]

Smith R C and Baker K S . 1982 . Oceanic chlorophyll concentrations as determined by satellite (Nimbus-7 Coastal Zone Color Scanner) . Marine Biology , 66 ( 3 ): 269 - 279 [ DOI: 10.1007/bf00397032 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00397032 ]

Sokolov A , Chami M , Dmitriev E and Khomenko G . 2010 . Parameterization of volume scattering function of coastal waters based on the statistical approach . Optics Express , 18 ( 5 ): 4615 - 4636 [ DOI: 10.1364/OE.18.004615 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.18.004615 ]

Spilhaus A F . 1968 . Observations of light scattering in seawater . Limnology and Oceanography , 13 ( 3 ): 418 - 422 [ DOI: 10.4319/lo.1968.13.3.0418 http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.1968.13.3.0418 ]

Sullivan J M and Twardowski M S . 2009 . Angular shape of the oceanic particulate volume scattering function in the backward direction . Applied Optics , 48 ( 35 ): 6811 - 6819 [ DOI: 10.1364/ao.48.006811 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.48.006811 ]

Tan H , Doerffer R , Oishi T and Tanaka A . 2013 . A new approach to measure the volume scattering function . Optics Express , 21 ( 16 ): 18697 - 18711 [ DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.018697 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.21.018697 ]

Tan H , Oishi T , Tanaka A and Doerffer R . 2015 . Accurate estimation of the backscattering coefficient by light scattering at two backward angles . Applied Optics , 54 ( 25 ): 7718 - 7733 [ DOI: 10.1364/ao.54.007718 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.54.007718 ]

Tan H , Oishi T , Tanaka A , Doerffer R and Tan Y . 2017 . Chlorophyll-a specific volume scattering function of phytoplankton . Optics Express , 25 ( 12 ): A564 - A573 [ DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.00a564 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.25.00a564 ]

Twardowski M , Zhang X D , Vagle S , Sullivan J , Freeman S , Czerski H , You Y , Bi L and Kattawar G . 2012 . The optical volume scattering function in a surf zone inverted to derive sediment and bubble particle subpopulations . Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans , 117 ( C7 ): C00 H 17 [ DOI: 10.1029/2011jc007347 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011jc007347 ]

Twardowski M S , Boss E , Macdonald J B , Pegau W S , Barnard A H and Zaneveld J R V . 2001 . A model for estimating bulk refractive index from the optical backscattering ratio and the implications for understanding particle composition in case I and case II waters . Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans , 106 ( C7 ): 14129 - 14142 [ DOI: 10.1029/2000jc000404 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000jc000404 ]

Twardowski M S , Claustre H , Freeman S A , Stramski D and Huot Y . 2007 . Optical backscattering properties of the “clearest” natural waters . Biogeosciences , 4 ( 6 ): 1041 - 1058 [ DOI: 10.5194/bg-4-1041-2007 http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-4-1041-2007 ]

Tyler J E and Richardson W H . 1958 . Nephelometer for the measurement of volume scattering function in situ . Journal of the Optical Society of America , 48 ( 5 ): 354 - 357 [ DOI: 10.1364/josa.48.000354 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josa.48.000354 ]

Wyatt P J . 1993 . Light scattering and the absolute characterization of macromolecules . Analytica Chimica Acta , 272 ( 1 ): 1 - 40 [ DOI: 10.1016/0003-2670(93)80373-s http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-2670(93)80373-s ]

Xu C H and Li C . 2019 . Progress of measurement technology and application of general-angle Volume Scattering Function of water . Journal of Remote Sensing , 23 ( 6 ): 1078 - 1090

徐聪辉 , 李彩 . 2019 . 广角水体体散射函数测量技术及其应用研究进展 . 遥感学报 , 23 ( 6 ): 1078 - 1090 [ DOI: 10.11834/jrs.20198078 http://dx.doi.org/10.11834/jrs.20198078 ]

Zhang X D , Lewis M , Lee M , Johnson B and Korotaev G . 2002 . The volume scattering function of natural bubble populations . Limnology and Oceanography , 47 ( 5 ): 1273 - 1282 [ DOI: 10.4319/lo.2002.47.5.1273 http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.2002.47.5.1273 ]

Zhou W , Wang G F , Sun Z H , Cao W X , Xu Z T , Hu S B and Zhao J . 2012 . Variations in the optical scattering properties of phytoplankton cultures . Optics Express , 20 ( 10 ): 11189 - 11206 [ DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.011189 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.20.011189 ]

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

海洋水色卫星技术进展

广角水体体散射函数测量技术及其应用研究进展

水色遥感中偏振信息的研究进展