多体制遥感卫星成像数据高精度处理新方法
A new method for high precision processing of multi-system Earth observation satellite data
- 2023年27卷第7期 页码：1511-1522
纸质出版日期： 2023-07-07
DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20233181
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摘要
光学和SAR等对地观测卫星需要经过成像、辐射/几何校正等处理和不断的时序积累，才能为计算机解译提供精度高、稳定性好、时间持续的数据和特征。传统中低分辨率对地观测卫星通常基于地理网格内地物目标电磁波散射特性简化为理想点目标的假设，进行逐像素处理。然而，高分宽幅、大斜视、多通道等新体制卫星的工作模式更加复杂，其数据处理对星地全链路各环节产生的误差非常敏感，对成像参数标定或估计的精度提出了更高要求，此时基于理想点目标假设来进行参数估计、成像及校正处理的方式已难以满足处理精度要求。并且，近年来多体制卫星组网式协同和融合应用的新发展，也使得当前的理想点目标假设难以表征和建模多源多时相数据特征。为此，本文提出了多体制遥感卫星成像数据高精度处理的新方法，首先创新提出了“超像素”的概念和表征理论框架，建立了基于超像素的精确成像模型，然后通过挖掘超像素稳定特征并借鉴生成对抗学习机制，实现了星地全链路高耦合成像参数的高精度估计和持续精化，有效提升了多体制遥感卫星成像数据产品的精度，为计算机解译提供了好的数据产品输入。
Abstract
Earth observation satellites
such as optical and SAR satellites
require processing such as imaging
radiometric/geometric correction
and continuous accumulation in order to provide high-precision
stable
and time continuous data and features for computer interpretation. Traditional medium and low resolution Earth observation satellites typically perform pixel-by-pixel processing based on the assumption of ideal point targets
which means that the ground object grid has a invariant time-frequency characteristic. However
the working modes of advanced satellite systems
such as high-resolution
wide-swath
large squint angle
and multi-channel
are more complex
and their data processing is very sensitive to the errors generated in the whole chain of the satellite to ground
which puts higher requirements on the accuracy of imaging parameter calibration or estimation. Hence
the method of assuming sensor pixels as ideal point targets for parameter estimation
imaging
and correction processing is no longer able to meet the processing accuracy requirements. Moreover
in recent years
the new development of multi-system satellite network collaboration and fusion applications has made it difficult to characterize and model the features of multi-source and multi-temporal data based on the current ideal point target assumption. To this end
this article proposes a new method for high-precision processing of multi-system remote sensing satellite imaging data. Firstly
the concept and characterization theory of “Hyper-pixel” are proposed
and an accurate imaging model based on hyper-pixels is established. Then
by mining stable features of hyper-pixels
and inspired by generative adversarial learning mechanisms
high-precision estimation and continuous refinement of high coupling imaging parameters are achieved. This effectively improves the accuracy of multi-system remote sensing satellite imaging data products
and provides better data input for computer interpretation.
关键词
遥感卫星超像素成像处理辐射校正几何校正深度学习
Keywords
remote sensing satellitehyper-pixelimaging processingradiometric correctiongeometric correctiondeep learning
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北京林业大学 信息学院
国家林业和草原局林业智能信息处理工程技术研究中心
南京信息工程大学 遥感与测绘工程学院
北京师范大学 遥感科学国家重点实验室
武汉大学 测绘遥感信息工程国家重点实验室
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