سابِق|تال

Social groups’ spatio-temporal behavior characteristics analysis in subway evacuation process based on VR digital twin experiments

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    National Engineering Research Center for Geomatics, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

  • Email：huanglin@radi.ac.cn
  • Introduction：黄琳，研究方向为人群行为模拟、数字孪生应用。E-mail： huanglin@radi.ac.cn
HUANG Lin1,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    National Engineering Research Center for Geomatics, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

  • Email：liwh@aircas.ac.cn
  • Introduction：李文航，研究方向为微观人群行为建模与模拟。E-mail： liwh@aircas.ac.cn
LI Wenhang1*,  
  • Affiliation：

    National Engineering Research Center for Geomatics, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China

GONG Jianhua12,  
  • Affiliation：

    National Engineering Research Center for Geomatics, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China

MA Haonan12,  
  • Affiliation：

    National Engineering Research Center for Geomatics, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China

HU Mengyu12

ملخص

The concepts of “digital twin” and “meta-universe” provide new ideas for the field of crowd behavior simulation. Using digital twin methods to conduct crowd behavior experiments to obtain data and then researching on human spatial and temporal behavior in specific scenarios have become important directions in the field of crowd simulation and indoor GIS research. Digital twin crowd behavior experiment is an innovative geographical experiment to explore crowd behavior, geographical phenomena and processes, and human-geography relationship in a real geographical environment. This paper proposes a theoretical framework for conducting digital twin experiments on crowd behavior from experimental purpose, object, process, evaluation, and results and analysis. The framework summarizes the basic theories, including geographic cognitive, similarity, scale, complexity problem, and geographic intelligence simulation theories. We also summarize the experimental principles of digital twin crowd behavior, such as experimental similarity, collaboration and heterogeneity, and standardization and normalization. Furthermore, we propose the content and classification of experiments on digital twin crowd evacuation. On the basis of this theoretical framework, a VR-based social group evacuation digital twin experiment is conducted in the Olympic Park Station. The spatial structure and evacuation behavior of social groups are qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed using experimental data. We evaluate the spatial structure characteristics of two- and three-member social groups, the characteristics of the angle and distance between social group members, the information diffusion way within social group members, and the evacuation and eye-tracking point trajectories of social groups. Results show that during the evacuation process, social group members exhibit V and “side-by-side” structures. They maintain a compact spatial structure in an emergency, indicating that group members have the desire to find a safe exit together, and this willingness has a crucial effect on crowd evacuation behavior. In some special areas such as stairs and escalators, the spatial structures of social groups have significant changes. They show a tendency to improve the walking speed through these areas as soon as possible rather than to maintain the compact spatial structures. The angle between the facing direction of an evacuee and that of other social group members is less than 60°, and smaller distances and information diffusion interactions among social group members significantly improve the evacuation efficiency. The analysis of the evacuation and eye-tracking point trajectories in the digital twin scenario reveals that the evacuating crowd interacts considerably with pillars, exits, and transfer channels, indicating a great need for direction information in these areas. Optimizing an evacuation sign system in these key areas can greatly improve the evacuation efficiency. The above findings on crowd behavior are of great significance to crowd behavior modeling, and the digital twin experiment results can identify bottleneck areas in the subway station selected in this study, providing optimization suggestions for layout design and emergency plans. The ability of subway station managers to predict and respond to emergencies can be further strengthened. The results of this study have important practical application value to reduce personal and property losses in disaster events.

مفهوم

remote sensing;digital twin;crowd behavior experiment;subway evacuation;social groups;interactive behavior

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