浏览全部资源
扫码关注微信
Published： 07 July 2023 ，
扫 描 看 全 文
王旭，崔静，王林，李晨曦，王钟浩，申旭辉，姜文亮，张景发.2023.川滇局部区域甲烷地震监测可行性探索——以2021年9月四川泸县M6.0地震为例.遥感学报，27（7）： 1731-1743
Wang X， Cui J， Wang L， Li C X， Wang Z H， Shen X H， Jiang W L and Zhang J F. 2023. Feasibility exploration of methane seismic monitoring in local areas of Sichuan and Yunnan——Taking the M6.0 earthquake in Luxian， Sichuan in september 2021 as an example. National Remote Sensing Bulletin， 27（7）：1731-1743
研究表明地震会引起大气中甲烷气体异常，本研究选取川滇固定区域，以2021年9月四川泸县地震为例，基于美国对地观测卫星AQUA/EOS上搭载的高光谱传感器大气红外探测仪（AIRS）获取的甲烷气体产品，采用成熟的RST算法开展地震前后甲烷异常信息提取，并对2008年以来区域内6级以上地震开展甲烷异常指数时序分析。研究结果表明：甲烷异常与地震有一定对应关系，主要表现为甲烷打破区域历史时空特征分布规律，随孕震过程总体呈现出起始增强—异常加强—高峰—衰减—平静的变化特征。异常幅度与震级无明显的关系，但是异常持续时间可能与震级有关，即地震引起的甲烷异常并不是偶发的，具备一定异常持续时间。异常可能对应一定区域内的地震，后续需综合分析区域内构造地质情况、震级、不同研究区域半径，开展更深入的研究。川滇局部区域基于遥感手段开展甲烷气体地震异常监测具有一定的可行性，这与该区域本身富含大量烃类气体有关，地震的发生会促使地下海量烃类气体沿岩石裂隙、断裂带、不整合面等薄弱地带快速运移、扩散释放至大气中。本研究区域以外不具备油气藏条件、构造地质差异大等情况是否可开展甲烷地震监测，监测效能等尚需通过大量工作开展深入分析。
Studies showed that earthquakes can cause anomalies of methane gas in the atmosphere. The present study selected a certain area in Sichuan-Yunnan Province
and the Luxian earthquake in Sichuan Province in September 2021 was taken as an example. Based on methane gas products obtained by the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder
a hyperspectral sensor was carried by the US Earth observation satellite AQUA/Earth Observation System(AQUA/EOS). The mature Robust Satellite Technique(RST) algorithm was used to extract methane anomaly information before and after the earthquake. The background field characteristics of methane in the study area were analyzed. Moreover
the methane anomaly index time series analysis was performed for earthquakes with a magnitude of 6 or above in the region since 2008. Results showed that the methane background field in the study area is related to topography and geomorphology and has obvious spatial and temporal distribution characteristics. In particular
the difference in biodiversity and temperature is caused by seasonal changes in time
and the methane concentration regularly changes. The spatial variation is mainly related to topography and geomorphology. The seismic-related characteristic is high methane concentration at the fault and plate tectonic junction. The methane anomaly has a certain correspondence with the earthquake. This finding mainly shows that the distribution law of the temporal and spatial characteristics of methane in the regional history is broken. Moreover
the overall changes in the earthquake preparation process show certain characteristics: initial intensification
abnormal intensification
peak attenuation
and calm. The magnitude of the anomaly has no obvious relationship with the earthquake’s magnitude. However
the duration of the anomaly may be related to the magnitude of the earthquake; that is
the methane anomaly caused by the earthquake is not accidental and has a certain duration of the anomaly. In particular
the amplitude of the anomaly is greater than 2
the duration of the anomaly is at least 1 month
the amplitude of the anomaly is greater than 1
and the duration is more than 3 months. The anomaly may correspond to earthquakes in a certain region. Further research should be conducted through the comprehensive analysis of the structural and geological conditions
earthquake magnitude
and comparison of different research area radii in the following years. Conducting seismic anomaly monitoring of methane gas is feasible based on remote sensing in the local Sichuan-Yunnan region. This finding is related to the fact that the region itself is rich in hydrocarbon gas. The occurrence of earthquakes prompts the rapid migration and diffusion of underground massive hydrocarbon gas into the atmosphere along the weak zone
such as rock fissures
fault zones
and unconformity surfaces. This study preliminarily shows that the study of seismic methane anomaly in this local area is suitable for earthquakes with a similar tectonic background within the scope. Given the limitations of the study area
the follow-up study will fully consider the differences in tectonic backgrounds
combined with the distribution of oil and gas reservoirs
to conduct in-depth research outside the local area and further explore the feasibility of seismic methane anomaly monitoring.
遥感泸县地震甲烷异常响应异常监测
remote sensingLuxian earthquakemethaneabnormal responseabnormal monitoring
Chen M H, Deng Z H, Ma X J, Tao J L and Wang Y. 2007. Application of the inside-outside temperature relation analysis method in study on satellite infrared anomalies prior to earthquake. Seismology and Geology, 29(4): 863-872
陈梅花, 邓志辉, 马晓静, 陶京玲, 王煜. 2007. 断裂带内外温差法在震前红外异常研究中的应用. 地震地质, 29(4): 863-872 [DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2007.04.017http://dx.doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2007.04.017]
Chen S Y, Liu P X, Liu L Q, Ma J and Chen G Q. 2006. Wavelet analysis of thermal infrared radiation of land surface and its implication in the study of current tectonic activities. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 49(3): 824-830
陈顺云, 刘培洵, 刘力强, 马瑾, 陈国强. 2006. 地表热红外辐射的小波分析及其在现今构造活动研究中的意义. 地球物理学报, 49(3): 824-830 [DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5733.2006.03.026http://dx.doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:0001-5733.2006.03.026]
Chen S Y. 2006. A Study on the Quantitative Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing Method for Extracting Information of Current Tectonic Activity. Beijing: Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration: 1-62
陈顺云. 2006. 提取现今构造活动信息的定量热红外遥感方法研究. 北京: 中国地震局地质研究所: 1-62
Cheng L X, Tao J H, Yu C, Zhang Y, Fan M, Wang Y P, Chen Y L, Zhu L L, Gu J B and Chen L F. 2021. Tropospheric NO2 column density retrieval from the GF-5 EMI data. National Remote Sensing Bulletin, 25(11): 2313-2325
程良晓, 陶金花, 余超, 张莹, 范萌, 王雅鹏, 陈元琳, 朱莉莉, 顾坚斌, 陈良富. 2021. 高分五号大气痕量气体差分吸收光谱仪对流层NO2柱浓度遥感反演研究. 遥感学报, 25(11): 2313-2325 [DOI: 10.11834/jrs.20210303http://dx.doi.org/10.11834/jrs.20210303]
Cui J, Ma W Y, Yao Q, Zhao J, Lu X and Ren J. 2021. Prediction and tracking of OLR change in the sequence earthquakes in Xinjiang, Jiashi in January 2020. Earthquake Research In China, 37(1): 33-42
崔静, 马未宇, 姚琪, 赵静, 卢显, 任静. 2021. 2020年1月新疆伽师序列地震OLR变化跟踪. 中国地震, 37(1): 33-42 [DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4683.2021.01.004http://dx.doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-4683.2021.01.004]
Cui J, Shen X H, Zhang J F, Ma W Y and Chu W. 2019. Analysis of spatiotemporal variations in middle-tropospheric to upper-tropospheric methane during the Wenchuan Ms=8.0 earthquake by three indices. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 19(12): 2841-2854 [DOI: 10.5194/nhess-19-2841-2019http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-2841-2019]
Cui Y, Ouzounov D, Hatzopoulos N, Sun K, Zou Z and Du J. 2017. Satellite observation of CH4 and CO anomalies associated with the Wenchuan MS8.0 and Lushan MS7.0 earthquakes in China. Chemical Geology, 469: 185-191 [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.06.028http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.06.028]
Cui Y J, Du J G, Chen Y, Liu L, Liu H, Yi L and Sun F X. 2016a. Increasing of CO and CH4 gas emission at Longmenshan fault zone before and after Wenchuan MS8.0 Earthquake. Journal of Seismological Research, 39(2): 239-245
崔月菊, 杜建国, 陈杨, 刘雷, 刘红, 易丽, 孙凤霞. 2016a. 汶川MS8.0地震前后龙门山断裂带CO和CH4排气增强. 地震研究, 39(2): 239-245 [DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0666.2016.02.009http://dx.doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-0666.2016.02.009]
Cui Y J, Du J G, Li Y and Guo Q N. 2016b. Detecting anomalies of atmospheric total column CH4 and CO related to the 2008 Wenchuan MS8.0 and 2013 Lushan MS7.0 Earthquakes. Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 35(5): 1022-1027
崔月菊, 杜建国, 李营, 郭秋娜. 2016b. 探测与2008年汶川MS8.0和2013年芦山MS7.0地震相关的大气CH4和CO异常变化. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 35(5): 1022-1027 [DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-2802.2016.05.023http://dx.doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1007-2802.2016.05.023]
Dobrovolsky I P, Zubkov S I and Miachkin V I. 1979. Estimation of the size of earthquake preparation zones. Pageoph, 117, 1025-1044 [DOI: 10.1007/BF00876083http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00876083]
Du L T and Wang J. 1993. Gas geodynamics: a new direction of geoscience study. Advances in Earth Sciences, 8(6): 66-73
杜乐天, 王驹. 1993. 气体地球动力学——一个重要的研究新方向. 地球科学进展, 8(6): 66-73
Eleftheriou A, Filizzola C, Genzano N, Lacava T, Lisi M, Paciello R, Pergola N, Vallianatos F and Tramutoli V. 2016. Long-term RST analysis of anomalous TIR sequences in relation with earthquakes occurred in Greece in the Period 2004-2013. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 173(1): 285-303 [DOI: 10.1007/s00024-015-1116-8http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-015-1116-8]
Fu S T, Ma D D, Guo S J and Cheng F. 2015. Strike-slip superimposed Qaidam basin and its control on oil and gas accumulation, NW China. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 42(6): 712-722
付锁堂, 马达德, 郭召杰, 程丰. 2015. 柴达木走滑叠合盆地及其控油气作用. 石油勘探与开发, 42(6): 712-722 [DOI: 10.11698/PED.2015.06.03http://dx.doi.org/10.11698/PED.2015.06.03]
Genzano N, Aliano C, Filizzola C, Pergola N and Tramutoli V. 2007. A robust satellite technique for monitoring seismically active areas: the case of Bhuj-Gujarat earthquake. Tectonophysics, 431(1/4): 197-210 [DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2006.04.024http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2006.04.024]
Genzano N, Aliano C, Corrado R, Filizzola C, Lisi M, Mazzeo G, Paciello R, Pergola N and Tramutoli V. 2009. RST analysis of MSG-SEVIRI TIR radiances at the time of the Abruzzo 6 April 2009 earthquake. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 9(6): 2073-2084 [DOI: 10.5194/nhess-9-2073-2009http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-9-2073-2009]
Guo X, Zhang Y S, Wei C X, Zhong M J and Zhang X. 2014. Medium wave infrared brightness anomalies of Wenchuan 8.0 and Zhongba 6.8 Earthquakes. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 35(3): 338-344
郭晓, 张元生, 魏从信, 钟美娇, 张旋. 2014. 汶川8.0级和仲巴6.8级地震中波红外热辐射异常. 地球学报, 35(3): 338-344 [DOI: 10.3975/cagsb.2014.03.09http://dx.doi.org/10.3975/cagsb.2014.03.09]
Han J F, Su Z, Chen L X, Guo D S, Zhang Y T, Ji Y G, Zhang H F and Yuan J Y. 2019. Reservoir-controlling and accumulation-controlling of strike-slip faults and exploration potential in the platform of Tarim Basin. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 40(11): 1296-1310
韩剑发, 苏洲, 陈利新, 郭东升, 张银涛, 吉云刚, 张慧芳, 袁敬一. 2019. 塔里木盆地台盆区走滑断裂控储控藏作用及勘探潜力. 石油学报, 40(11): 1296-1310 [DOI: 10.7623/syxb201911002http://dx.doi.org/10.7623/syxb201911002]
Henckel T, Roslev P and Conrad R. 2000. Effects of O2 and CH4 on presence and activity of the indigenous methanotrophic community in rice field soil. Environmental Microbiology, 2(6): 666-679 [DOI 10.1046/j.1462-2920.2000.00149.xhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1462-2920.2000.00149.x]
Huang J Z. 1984. Geochemical characteristics of natural gases in the Sichuan Basic. Geochimica, (4): 307-321
黄籍中. 1984. 四川盆地天然气地球化学特征. 地球化学, (4): 307-321
IPCC. 2013. Climate Change 2013: the Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Jiang L, Cui Y J, Du J G, Ding Z H, Liu Y M and Liu Y N. 2021. Satellite hyperspectral remote sensing geochemical anomalies associated with three strong earthquakes around the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Earthquake, 41(2): 129-144
姜莉, 崔月菊, 杜建国, 丁志华, 刘永梅, 刘轶男. 2021. 青藏高原周缘三次强地震伴生的卫星高光谱遥感地球化学异常. 地震, 41(2): 129-144 [DOI: 10.12196/j.issn.1000-3274.2021.02.010http://dx.doi.org/10.12196/j.issn.1000-3274.2021.02.010]
Jiang W L and Zhang J F. 2011. Deep structures of Sichuan-Yunnan region derived from gravity data. Progress in Geophysics, 26(6): 1915-1924
姜文亮, 张景发. 2011. 川滇地区重力场与深部结构特征. 地球物理学进展, 26(6): 1915-1924 [DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2011.06.004http://dx.doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2011.06.004]
Jiang Z S, Fang Y, Wu Y Q, Wang M, Du F and Ping J J. 2009. The dynamic process of regional crustal movement and deformation before Wenchuan MS 8.0 earthquake. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 52(2): 505-518
江在森, 方颖, 武艳强, 王敏, 杜方, 平建军. 2009. 汶川8.0级地震前区域地壳运动与变形动态过程. 地球物理学报, 52(2): 505-518
Jiao F Z, Yang Y, Ran Q, Wu G H and Liang H. 2021. Distribution and gas exploration of the strike-slip faults in the central Sichuan Basin. Natural Gas Industry, 41(8): 92-101
焦方正, 杨雨, 冉崎, 邬光辉, 梁瀚. 2021. 四川盆地中部地区走滑断层的分布与天然气勘探. 天然气工业, 41(8): 92-101 [DOI: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2021.08.009http://dx.doi.org/10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2021.08.009]
Khalil M A K, Rasmussen R A, Wang M X and Ren L X. 1991. Methane emissions from rice fields in China. Environmental Science and Technology, 25(5): 979-981 [DOI: 10.1021/es00017a023http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00017a023]
King C Y. 1986. Gas geochemistry applied to earthquake prediction: an overview. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 91(B12): 12269-12281 [DOI: 10.1029/JB091iB12p12269http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/JB091iB12p12269]
Li X Y, Cui Y J, Ma H Q and Wu K T. 2019. Anomalies on the changes of CH4 and CO related to the 15 April 2015 Alashan Zuoqi MS5.8 Earthquake in the Inner Mongolia. Earthquake, 39(4): 54-62
李新艳, 崔月菊, 马禾青, 仵柯田. 2019. 2015年4月15日内蒙古阿拉善左旗MS5.8地震前后CH4和CO变化. 地震, 39(4): 54-62
Liu J, Yi G X, Zhang Z W, Guan Z J, Ruan X, Long F and Du F Y. 2013. Introduction to the Lushan, Sichuan M7.0 earthquake on 20 April 2013. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 56(4): 1404-1407
刘杰, 易桂喜, 张致伟, 官致君, 阮祥, 龙锋, 杜方. 2013. 2013年4月20日四川芦山M7.0级地震介绍. 地球物理学报, 56(4): 1404-1407 [DOI: 10.6038/cjg20130434http://dx.doi.org/10.6038/cjg20130434]
Liu P X and Yi J. 2021. The field disaster investigation and earthquake damage analysis of the Luxian M6.0 Earthquake in Sichuan Province. Overview of Disaster Prevention, (5): 10-15
刘培玄, 易佳. 2021. 四川泸县6.0级地震现场灾害调查与震害分析. 防灾博览, (5): 10-15 [DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-6310.2021.05.003http://dx.doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1671-6310.2021.05.003]
Luca A D, Mignani R P, Marelli M, Salvetti D, Sartore N, Belfiore A, Parkinson P S, Caraveo P A and Bignami G F. 2013. PSR J0357+3205: a fast-moving pulsar with a very unusual X-ray trail. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 765(1): L19 [DOI: 10.1088/2041-8205/765/1/L19http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/765/1/L19]
Martinelli G and Plescia P. 2005. Carbon dioxide and methane emissions from calcareous-marly rock under stress: experimental tests results. Annals of Geophysics, 48(1): 167-173 [DOI: 10.4401/ag-3191http://dx.doi.org/10.4401/ag-3191]
McMillan W W, Barnet C, Strow L, Chahine M T, McCourt M L, Warner J X, Novelli P C, Korontzi S, Maddy E S and Datta S. 2005. Daily global maps of carbon monoxide from NASA’s Atmospheric Infrared Sounder. Geophysical Research Letters, 32(11): L11801 [DOI: 10.1029/2004GL021821http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004GL021821]
Panda S K, Choudhury S, Saraf A K and Das J D. 2007. MODIS land surface temperature data detects thermal anomaly preceding 8 October 2005 Kashmir earthquake. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 28(20): 4587-4596 [DOI: 10.1080/01431160701244906http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431160701244906]
Pergola N, Aliano C, Coviello I, Filizzola C, Genzano N, Lacava T, Lisi M, Mazzeo G and Tramutoli V. 2010. Using RST approach and EOS-MODIS radiances for monitoring seismically active regions: a study on the 6 April 2009 Abruzzo earthquake. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 10(2): 239-249 [DOI: 10.5194/nhess-10-239-2010http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-10-239-2010]
Qiang Z J, Dian C G, Wang X J and Hu S Y. 1992. Satellite thermal infrared anomalous temperature increase and impending earthquake precursor. Chinese Science Bulletin, 37(19): 1642-1646 [DOI: 10.1360/sb1992-37-19-1642http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/sb1992-37-19-1642]
Qiang Z J, Xu X D and Dian C G. 1991. Thermal infrared anomaly precursor of impending earthquakes. Chinese Science Bulletin, 36(4): 319-323 [DOI: 10.1360/sb1991-36-4-319http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/sb1991-36-4-319]
Saarnio S, Alm J, Martikainen P J and Silvola J. 1998. Effects of raised CO2 on potential CH4 production and oxidation in, and CH4 emission from, a boreal mire. Journal of Ecology, 86(2): 261-268 [DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00248.xhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00248.x]
Saarnio S, Saarinen T I M O, Vasander H and Silvola J. 2000. A moderate increase in the annual CH4 efflux by raised CO2 or NH4NO3 supply in a boreal oligotrophic mire. Global Change Biology, 6(2): 137-144 [DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00294.xhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00294.x]
Saradjian M R and Akhoondzadeh M. 2011. Thermal anomalies detection before strong earthquakes (M>6.0) using interquartile, wavelet and Kalman filter methods. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 11(4): 1099-1108 [DOI: 10.5194/nhess-11-1099-2011http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-11-1099-2011]
Saraf A K and Choudhury S. 2005. Cover: NOAA-AVHRR detects thermal anomaly associated with the 26 January 2001 Bhuj earthquake, Gujarat, India. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 26(6): 1065-1073 [DOI: 10.1080/01431160310001642368http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431160310001642368]
Schütz H, Seiler W and Conrad R. 1990. Influence of soil temperature on methane emission from rice paddy fields. Biogeochemistry, 11(2): 77-95 [DOI: 10.1007/bf00002060http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00002060]
Shao Y, Wang R F, Zhang Y Q, Wang X, Li Z H and Liang H. 2011. Strike-slip structures and oil-gas exploration in the NW margin of the Junggar Basin, China. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 32(6): 976-984
邵雨, 汪仁富, 张越迁, 汪新, 李震华, 梁瀚. 2011. 准噶尔盆地西北缘走滑构造与油气勘探. 石油学报, 32(6): 976-984 [DOI: 10.7623/syxb201106007http://dx.doi.org/10.7623/syxb201106007]
Sheng Q and Xie X S. 2010. New discovery of late-quaternary right-lateral and reverse displacement in Huayingshan fault zone in Gao County, Sichuan Province. Bulletin of the Institute of Crustal Dynamics. Beijing: The Institute of Crustal Dynamics, CEA: 1-10
盛强, 谢新生. 2010. 四川华蓥山断裂带晚第四纪逆走滑特征及地震意义. 地壳构造与地壳应力文集. 北京: 中国地震局地壳应力研究所: 1-10
Sun Y T, Cui Y J, Liu Y M, Du J G, Zhang W B and Zhang G Y. 2014. Anomalies remote sensing geochemistry of CO and O3 and ground-based validation before and after two Sumatra M>8.0 earthquakes. Journal of Seismological Research, 37(2): 222-227
孙玉涛, 崔月菊, 刘永梅, 杜建国, 张炜斌, 张冠亚. 2014. 苏门答腊两次M>8.0地震前后CO和O3卫星遥感气体地球化学异常与地面验证. 地震研究, 37(2): 222-227 [DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0666.2014.02.009http://dx.doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-0666.2014.02.009]
Susskind J, Barnet C D and Blaisdell J M. 2003. Retrieval of atmospheric and surface parameters from AIRS/AMSU/HSB data in the presence of clouds. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 41(2): 390-409 [DOI: 10.1109/TGRS.2002.808236http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2002.808236]
Toutain J P and Baubron J C. 1999. Gas geochemistry and seismotectonics: a review. Tectonophysics, 304(1/2): 1-27 [DOI: 10.1016/S0040-1951(98)00295-9http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(98)00295-9]
Tramutoli V, Aliano C, Corrado R, Filizzola C, Genzano N, Lisi M, Martinelli G and Pergola N. 2013. On the possible origin of thermal infrared radiation (TIR) anomalies in earthquake-prone areas observed using robust satellite techniques (RST). Chemical Geology, 339: 157-168 [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.10.042http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.10.042]
Tronin A A. 2006. Remote sensing and earthquakes: a review. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, 31(4/9): 138-142 [DOI: 10.1016/j.pce.2006.02.024http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2006.02.024]
Wang C M and Li X H. 1991. Applications of fracture-gas measurement to the earthquake studies in China. Earthquake Research in China, (2): 21-32
汪成民, 李宣瑚. 1991. 我国断层气测量在地震科学研究中的应用现状. 中国地震, (2): 21-32
Wang J, Li X R, He C C and Zeng Z X. 2015. Methane concentration responses associated with the seismic activity in atmospheric troposphere. Earth Science, 24(10): 1677-1688
王杰, 李献瑞, 贺赤诚, 曾佐勋. 2015. 对流层大气甲烷浓度对地震活动的响应. 地球科学, 24(10): 1677-1688 [DOI: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.151http://dx.doi.org/10.3799/dqkx.2015.151]
Wang J, Zhang X, Pan L L and Zeng Z X. 2013. Anomalies of temperature increase and methane release before Lushan earthquake (Ms7.0). Earth Science Frontiers, 20(6): 29-35
王杰, 张雄, 潘黎黎, 曾佐勋. 2013. 芦山地震(MS7.0)前甲烷释放与大气增温异常. 地学前缘, 20(6): 29-35
Wang Y L, Chen G H, Kang C L and Zhang Q. 2008. Earthquake-related thermal-infrared abnormity detection with wavelet packet decomposition. Progress in Geophysics, 23(2): 368-374
王亚丽, 陈桂华, 康春丽, 张倩. 2008. 利用小波包分析进行地震相关热红外辐射异常信息检测. 地球物理学进展, 23(2): 368-374
Wang Z, Wang J, Chen Z L, Liu Y P, Huang R Q, Pei S P, Zhang Q Z and Tang W Q. 2011. Seismic imaging, crustal stress and GPS data analyses: implications for the generation of the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake (M7.9), China. Gondwana Research, 19(1): 202-212 [DOI: 10.1016/j.gr.2010.05.004http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2010.05.004]
Wang Z J, Wang H C, Dong D and Qin J. 2018. Review of geophysical results of Huayingshan fault zone. Earthquake Research in Sichuan, (3): 6-12
王赞军, 王宏超, 董娣, 秦娟. 2018. 华蓥山断裂带的物探成果综述. 四川地震, (3): 6-12 [DOI: 10.13716/j.cnki.1001-8115.2018.03.002http://dx.doi.org/10.13716/j.cnki.1001-8115.2018.03.002]
Wen L, Wang H, Xu L, Zhang Y, Yuan H F, Chen S L, Qiao Y P and Shen C. 2021. Characteristics and main controlling factors of gas accumulation of the Middle Permian Qixia Formation in western Sichuan Basin. China Petroleum Exploration, 26(6): 68-81
文龙, 汪华, 徐亮, 张亚, 袁海锋, 陈双玲, 乔艳萍, 谌辰. 2021. 四川盆地西部中二叠统栖霞组天然气成藏特征及主控因素. 中国石油勘探, 26(6): 68-81 [DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2021.06.005http://dx.doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2021.06.005]
Wu J, Kong S F, Wu F Q, Cheng Y, Zheng S R, Qin S, Liu X, Yan Q, Zheng H, Zheng M M, Yan Y Y, Liu D T, Ding S, Zhao D L, Shen G F, Zhao T L and Qi S H. 2020. The moving of high emission for biomass burning in China: view from multi-year emission estimation and human-driven forces. Environment International, 142: 105812 [DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105812http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105812]
Wu Y Q, Jiang Z S, Zhao J, Liu X X, Wei W X, Liu Q, Li Q, Zou Z Y and Zhang L. 2015. Crustal deformation before the 2008 Wenchuan MS 8.0 earthquake studied using GPS data. Journal of Geodynamics, 85: 11-23 [DOI: 10.1016/j.jog.2014.12.002http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2014.12.002]
Xiong X, Barnet C, Wei J and Maddy E. 2009a. Information-based mid-upper tropospheric methane derived from Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) and its validation. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 9: 16331-16360 [DOI: 10.5194/acpd-9-16331-2009http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-9-16331-2009]
Xiong X, Houweling S, Wei J, Maddy E, Sun F and Barnet C. 2009b. Methane plume over south Asia during the monsoon season: satellite observation and model simulation. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 9(3): 783-794 [DOI: 10.5194/acp-9-783-2009http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-783-2009]
Xiong X Z, Barnet C, Maddy E, Sweeney C, Liu X P, Zhou L H and Goldberg M. 2008. Characterization and validation of methane products from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS). Journal of Geophysical Research, 113: G00A01 [DOI: 10.1029/2007JG000500http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JG000500.]
Xiong X Z, Barnet C, Maddy E, Wei J, Liu X P and Pagano T S. 2010a. Seven years’ observation of mid-upper tropospheric methane from atmospheric infrared sounder. Remote Sensing, 2(11): 2509-2530 [DOI: 10.3390/rs2112509http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs2112509]
Xiong X Z, Barnet C D, Zhuang Q L, Machida T, Sweeney C and Patra P K. 2010b. Mid-upper tropospheric methane in the high Northern Hemisphere: spaceborne observations by AIRS, aircraft measurements, and model simulations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 115(D19): D19309 [DOI: 10.1029/2009JD013796http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009JD013796]
Xu X D, Xu X M and Wang Y. 2000. Satellite infrared anomaly before Nantou Ms=7.6 Earthquake in Taiwan, China. Acta Seismologica Sinica, 22(6): 666-669
徐秀登, 徐向民, 王煜. 2000. 台湾南投7.6级地震前卫星红外异常. 地震学报, 22(6): 666-669
Yagi K and Minami K. 1990. Effect of organic matter application on methane emission from some Japanese paddy fields. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 36(4): 599-610 [DOI: 10.1080/00380768.1990.10416797http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00380768.1990.10416797]
Ye M Q, Wu Q Y and Yang Z D. 1995. Example of research on relation between satellite thermal infrared anomaly and strong earthquake. Chinese Science Bulletin, 40(7): 576-580 [DOI: 10.1360/sb1995-40-7-576http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/sb1995-40-7-576]
Yi G X, Zhao M, Long F, Liang M J, Wang M M, Zhou R J and Wang S W. 2021. Characteristics of the seismic sequence and seismogenic environment of the Ms6.0 Sichuan Luxian earthquake on September 16, 2021. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 64(12):4449-4461
易桂喜，赵敏，龙锋，梁明剑，王明明，周荣军，王思维. 2021. 2021年9月16日四川泸县Ms6.0地震序列特征及孕震构造环境.地球物理学报, 64(12): 4449-4461 [DOI: 10.6038/cjg2021O0533http://dx.doi.org/10.6038/cjg2021O0533]
Yue Z Q. 2013. Cause and mechanism of highly compressed and dense methane gas mass for Wenchuan earthquake and associated rock-avalanches and surface co-seismic ruptures. Earth Science Frontiers, 20(6): 15-20
岳中琦. 2013. 汶川地震与山崩地裂的极高压甲烷天然气成因和机理. 地学前缘, 20(6): 15-20
Zhang D Y and Liao H. 2015. Advances in the research on sources and sinks of CH4 and observations and simulations of CH4 concentrations. Advances in Meteorological Science and Technology, 5(1): 40-47
张定媛, 廖宏. 2015. 大气甲烷的源和汇及其浓度的观测模拟研究进展. 气象科技进展, 5(1): 40-47 [DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1973.2015.01.005http://dx.doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2095-1973.2015.01.005]
Zhang J H, Li Y X, Guo L Q and Zhang Z F. 2005. Contemporary tectionic movement and internal deformation of South China block. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 25(3): 57-62
张静华, 李延兴, 郭良迁, 张中伏. 2005. 华南块体的现今构造运动与内部形变. 大地测量与地球动力学, 25(3): 57-62 [DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-5942.2005.03.011http://dx.doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1671-5942.2005.03.011]
Zhang X, Zhang Y S, Wei C X, Tian X F and Feng H W. 2013a. Thermal infrared anomaly prior to Yiliang of Yunnan MS5.7 earthquake. China Earthquake Engineering Journal, 35(1): 171-176
张璇, 张元生, 魏从信, 田秀丰, 冯红武. 2013a. 云南彝良5.7级地震前卫星热红外异常. 地震工程学报, 35(1): 171-176 [DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0844.2013.01.0171http://dx.doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-0844.2013.01.0171]
Zhang X, Zhang Y S, Wei C X, Tian X F, Tang Q and Gao J. 2013b. Analysis of Thermal Infrared Anomaly before the Lushan MS7.0 Earthquake. China Earthquake Engineering Journal, 35(2): 272-277
张璇, 张元生, 魏从信, 田秀丰, 汤倩, 高见. 2013b. 四川芦山 7.0 级地震卫星热红外异常解析. 地震工程学报, 35(2): 272-277 [DOI: 10.3969/J.issn.1000-0844.2013.02.0272http://dx.doi.org/10.3969/J.issn.1000-0844.2013.02.0272]
Zhang Y S, Guo X, Zhong M J, Shen W R, Li W and He B. 2010. Wenchuan earthquake: brightness temperature changes from satellite infrared information. Chinese Science Bulletin, 55(18): 1917-1924
张元生, 郭晓, 钟美娇, 沈文荣, 李稳, 何斌. 2010. 汶川地震卫星热红外亮温变化. 科学通报, 55(10): 904-910 [DOI: 10.1360/csb2010-55-10-904http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/csb2010-55-10-904]
Zhao C J. 1984. On the characteristics, types and mechanism of vertical structural variations in Sichuan Basic. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 5(2): 11-21
赵从俊. 1984. 四川盆地构造垂向变异特征类型及其机理探讨. 石油学报, 5(2): 11-21 [DOI: 10.7623/syxb198402003http://dx.doi.org/10.7623/syxb198402003]
Zhao W Z, Xie Z Y, Wang X M, Shen A J, Wei G Q, Wang Z C and Wang K. 2021. Sinian gas sources and effectiveness of primary gas-bearing system in Sichuan Basin, SW China. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 48(6): 1089-1099
赵文智, 谢增业, 王晓梅, 沈安江, 魏国齐, 汪泽成, 王坤. 2021. 四川盆地震旦系气源特征与原生含气系统有效性. 石油勘探与开发, 48(6): 1089-1099 [DOI: 10.11698/PED.2021.06.02http://dx.doi.org/10.11698/PED.2021.06.02]
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构
京公网安备11010802024621