最新刊期
卷 ， 期 1 ， 1987
- 摘要：In this article, the current status of the application of remote sensing techniques in China is introduced. Due to urgent requirements in resources exploration, environmental protection, and scientific decision-making, remote sensing techniques and applications are developing rapidly in China. The Chinese Landsat Ground Station was put into operation this summer, and more than thirty low and medium altitude aircraft for remote sensing applications are now operational, some of them operated by airborne remote sensing corporations. Digital image processing systems are widely used in remote sensing applications. New instruments and sensors have been developed, and are now in use.In land use survey, Landsat MSS and TM, Large Format Camera, SLR-A and SIR-B space shuttle imagery, Space Lab Metric Camera imagery, and aerial color infrared photographs are used for land use mapping at different scales. Landuse maps at a scale of 1:1,000,000 based on Landsat MSS imagery and land inventories of the Tianjin region, the Tarim River Basin and the Tibet Plateau done with the use of different types of remote sensing imagery all demonstrate the successful practical applications of remote sensing.Pollution detection and environmental monitoring become more important with the increased industrialization of urban areas. In recent years, remote sensing techniques have been used in the cities of Beijing, Shengyang, Shanghai Chongqing and Luoyang for environmental quality assessment.In agsicultural applications, Landsat MSS imagery, airborne infrared photos and multispe-ctral data have been used to detect the degree of soil salinity and alkalinity in Henan and Hebei provinces and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Crop yield forecasting and grassland resources surveys have been carried out by remote sensing agencies under the Ministry of Agriculture.Aerial photos have been used for timber survey since the 1950s by the Ministry of Forestry. Two test sites have been established for experiments in forestry remote sensing. Multiple data sources including MSS, airborne infrared and sidelooking radar imagery are used in forestry remote sensing research.Remote sensing images have been used for real-time flood hazard detection by the remote sensing agencies under the Ministry of Water Conservancy and Electric Poker. Remote Sensing techniques are also used in analyzing soil types for prevention of soil erosion. Some research results have been used in engineering planning for water conservancy for the seven most important rivers in China. Evaluation of land areas submerged by reservoirs is another important application of remote sensing. In hydrogeology, remote sensing imagery plays an important role in lo- eating water springs, underground water overflow zones and concealed water-bearing fractures in arid areas. The mapping and analysis of ground water using remote sensing imagery increases survey speed and improves accuracy. Remote sensing imagery is also widely used in estuary research and for recognition of old river basins.Remote sensing techniques have been succussfully applied in geological mapping and structural analysis, mineral exploration, hydrogeology, and seismological studies. The Ministry of Geology and Mineral Exploration has determined that remote sensing imagery must be used in regional geological suveys at the 1:200,000 scale. Many mineral deposits have been discovered with the hep of remotely sensed image data. Many large landslides and debris flows have been analyzed and forecasted. Knowledge of these is very useful for site selections, construction, geological stability analysis of dams for reservoirs and power plants. Remote sensing techniques also-provide basic information for long and medium term earthquake prediction in areas when intense earthquakes may occur.The Ministry of Coal Industry uses remote sensing imagery successfully in coal field exploration. For example, total storage of coal is estimated at about 7.2 billion tons in the coal field found recently in Inner Monglia. Large-scale coal field geological maps were co
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：In this study, the MSS images taken in 1975, 1978 and 1983 were interpreted through appling geographical and optical methods, the choise of the projects of the combination of non-standard pseudo colors and the pseudo colourization of numbered phase picture produced by grating. Ac-coding to the calculation, the area of seriously desertificated pastures is about 352,000 ha., it is 5% of the natural pastures in Hulun Beier Grassland; the area of moderately desertificated pastures is about 1,085,866.7 ha., it is 15.4%; the area of slightly desertificated pastures is about 1,021,333.3 ha., it is 14.4%.The windy weather and abundent sandy materials constituted the potentialities of desertification in this area, the destructive activities on vegetation during the utilizing of grassland is the main causal force of desertification.In the process of stepwise regression, statistical significance being 0.01, the strength of wind, the content of clay and organic matter in soil and the annual precipitation are not dominant. The relationship between desertificated degree and the coverage of grass is as follows T = 0.07568 + 0.00810V R=0.731where T = content of sand （0.005-0.1） in A/content of sand （0.005-0.01） in ABV = coverage of grassFrom this formula, critical coverage of grass for various degrees of desertification can be derived. The grassland may be prevented from desertification if the coverage of grass is kept above 77%, moderately and seriously desertification may occur within 52%-40% and below 40% respectively. So it is important to protect the vegetation in order to prevent grassland from desertification.
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：This paper proposed a method for studying environmental impacts of a super-large reservoir by using remote sensing method. The method consists of three subsystems corroborating each other. A case study was conducted on Miyun reservoir area of Beijing. For which various information extraction techniques were employed and results then assessed. In combination with analysing on ground-true data, the governing factors relating to the regional environment of the reservoir were thoroughly evaluated on a qualitative and partially quantitative base. A conclusion is drawn that Miyun reservoir has a possitive effect on and an improvement function for its surrounding ecological environment.The paper revealed a broad future for using remore sensing technique in analysing impacts of super-large reservoirs. At the meantime, some limitations and its possible solutions of using such a technique were also discussed.
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：Principal component analysis of Landsat data obtained over the estuary area of the Haihe River in the northwest of the Bohai Bay was performed. The first principal component of Landsat data represents the spectral signature of turbid sea water. The second principal component represents the spectral effect of urban sewage in sea water. The first principal component image of Landsat data received on 4 September 1979 shows the different turbidities of the sea water and the dilution and diffusion of urban sewage in the sea in the rainy season. The second principal component image, of Landsat data received on 19 May 1979 is used to show the different polluted gradations of the sea water in the dry season.The water quality evaluation maps assessed with the multifactor comprehensive index of the organic pollution data measured in situ are used to compare with the principal component images and to calibrate the different polluted gradations obtained from remotely sensed data.
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：This paper discussed national and external some researches of late years in remote sensing application to the estimation of surface water resources and the calculation and forecast of flood. The application of remote sensing to surface water resources is mainly the calculation of annual runoff, which includes methods of multielement statistic and water balance. There are methods of geomorpho-climatic unit hydrograph model, rational model, and infiltration model in the application to the calculation and forecast of flood. Mathematic deduction of these models is not concerned in this paper, and on the basis of principle of the model stated, extracting characteristic information close related to runoff, which comes from the characteristics of ground surface in basin and of geometric shape in river network analysed by remotely sensed data, is mainly discussed, and the characteristics extracted are taken for input parameters of model. Examples are given for each method, which expersses that it is able ont only to increase the precision of hydrologic calculation and also to make up deficiency existed in current hydrologic models. Therefore, these methods can be of great value to hydrologic calculation in the areas of lack data.
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：On the base of analysis of landsat-2 image （Sep. 11, 1975） in the mountains of Central Japan, author indicated that the Nuxiu fault is an active fault with right lateral strike-slip. The reform of streams showing on the image are distinct. Activity o fthe fault belongs to a degree. By synthetic analysing all of active faults around the Hida mountains, the largest com-pressive stress is determined to be E-W direction, due to the collision of the pacific ocean plate-phillippine plate with the eurasian plate including the Japan islands. Besids, the maximum upheaval of the Hida mountains and the activity of the Narikura volcanic zone duringthe quaternary period also came from same reason. As regards the posibility of earthquake along the fault, author subjected that it should occur in the south-west part of the Nuxiu active fault.
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：The two purposes of this paper are: （1） to study the method of computer-aided interpretation using landsat CCTs data for soil classes recognition and （2） to study the relationship between the spectral soil map and the conventional soil map at a large scale.On the ARIES-Ⅱ image processing system, two scenes of different dates of Landsat images were geometrically corrected and spacially registered. Supervised classification for soil interpretation was made on this image which had seven bands in it. On the basis of analysis of the soil parent materials, landscapes and geomorphological types, the study area was stratified into three strata. Twenty five sample areas were selected by the stratified-random sampling method within the whole area.A correlation of the spectral classes from the supervised classification to the soils from the conventional soil map at a large scale （1:50,000） was achieved by manually overlapping the soil data and the spectral data of every sample areas in each of the strata. The results of the correlation were evaluated. It was found that several spectral classes are, with excellent consistency, highly related to some soils such as sandy soil, clayey meadow soil and drabed meadow soil. Saline meadow soil and clay-loamy meadow soil have good relationships to the spectral classes in spite of lacking a good consistency. Other soils were confused with spectral classes.For the soil mapping investigation of some highly related soils mentioned above, the use of the results of the spectral classification and associated correlation will conceivably aid in soil profile placements and boundary delineations, hence reducing the time and expense of the investigation.
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：The author had described the airborne experiment on microwave and infrared radializa-tion which had been held by Institute of Remote Sensing Application, in September, 1980 at Ti-anjin region. In the test, the microwave redialization and infrared radialization worked at the same time. Based on analysis of these data obtained from the test, it expressed that the measurement of microwave and infrared radialization with microwave and infrared radiometer which set on the same airplane can improve the information availability and develop specific property of each ones. The data obtained from experiment made interpreting infrared mape asier and some data are given as reference information.
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：A method, utilizing the spatial spectrum feature of a aerophoto to extract the geological informations is presented. According to the aerophoto’s features and the purpose of application, we have made the optical spatial filters. On the coherent optical system, one aerophoto film can be separated into three, corresponding to different spatial frequencies respectively. After digital image processing of the separated films, a color synthetic photograph was obtained. This method can be used to process the single high resolution aerophoto, and we can extract the characteristic informations of the rock formation and its small structures from the image. As it has shown in experimental results, this method is of significance in geological explorations.
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：Our Landsat Ground Station can receive, process TM （as well as MSS） image data from the Landsat 4 and 5 （U. S. A.）, and produce systematically and geodetically corrected imagery.In order to certificate accuracy of its image products, an accuracy comparison has been conducted between geodetically corrected TM images produced by our ground station and U. S. NOAA based on 1:24000 topographic maps. In this paper the differing as well as common aspects of processing algorithms used in these two systems are highlighted and the general approaches for accuracy comparison of their products are illustrated. The comparison results show that the geodetic accuracy and internal geometric fidelity for both products are about the same.
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：<正> 中国科学院遥感应用研究所等单位承担的中国科学院《六·五》重点课题-黄淮海平原水域动态演变遥感应用研究于1986年7月通过鉴定。该课题完成专题报告21篇,专题图件14件,包括1:50万的“河流演变分析图”、“湖沼、洼地演变分析图”和“海岸线历史演变分析图”。共识别出古河道150余条,各历史时期的大型古湖沼、洼地240多个,而
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：<正> 中国地理学会环境遥感分会和甘肃省遥感学会联合筹备的全国第六届遥感学术讨论会,于1986年9月8-11日在兰州市举行。出席会议的有科研、教育、生产、新闻出版等部门107个单位的科技工作者,共115人。 会议收到学术论文、工作报告125篇。内容包括遥感图像数字处理、遥感技术及其在
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发布时间：2021-06-10
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