最新刊期
卷 ， 期 5 ， 2006
- 摘要：Whole-process radiometric calibration of optical remote sensors is testing and calibrating sensor through their lifetime.It includes testing and calibrating sensor with indoor artificial radiation sources or outdoor natural radiation sources in the research and development process and establishing on-board calibration system apparatus which will be used as periodically absolute and relative calibration for sensors being working after launch.Moreover,whole-process radiometric calibration of optical remote sensors also includes vicarious calibration based on land（or sea）surface and cross-calibration with other satellite sensor.At last,the result of calibration can be used as a criterion determining whether a sensor is out of function or not.Whole-process radiometric calibration is an experiment process.The intention is to aggrandize its application and aim is improving its accuracy.Some calibration systems and techniques have been developed for whole process radiometric calibration based on standard and standard transfer.The research works in our laboratory involve all contents of whole process radiometric calibration.We will introduce that completely.Improving calibration accuracy depends not only on hardware such as high accuracy cryogenic radiometer,transfer standard detector,integrating sphere and standard panel but also on techniques such as error source analysis and control in standard transfer process,determination of atmospheric radiative fluxes model and relational experiment,etc.关键词：optical sensor;whole process radiometric calibration;radiometric standard;calibration method and experiment
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：The In-flight absolute calibrations were performed for CBERS-02 CCD and SPOT- 4 HRVIR1 sensors by China Center for Resources Satellite Data and Applications（CRESDA） on August,2005 at Dunhuang test site.The absolute calibration coefficients were obtained for different bands of the two sensors using the method based on reflectance and the data processing and analyses for the simultaneous ground-based measurements.Meanwhile,the relative differences of calibration coefficients were small within and 6% compared with the results provided by France officialy in pulolished data August for SPOT- 4 HRVIR1 sensor.It satisfied the calibration error requirements by France side.The comparison and analysis were completed by using the coefficients of two sensors respectively to convert their original images to target reflectance images.关键词：CBERS-02 CCD;SPOT-4 HRVIR1;absolute radiometric calibration;comparison
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：Vertical striping is an obvious phenomenon in pushbroom CCD image because of the different response among CCD detectors and the odd/even effect raised in signal transferring.Image relative radioactive correction is a process to reduce or eliminate these factors and resume the true radioactive information.In this paper,a new method is brought forward aiming to destripping the strips in broad swath CCD image.The method is based on the column average and standard deviation of raw image.Compared with classical methods based on image statistic,this method obtains relative radioactive calibration coefficients independent of uniform image,which is validated in the relative radioactive correction for raw image of Beijing-1 microsatellite.关键词：Beijing-1 microsatellite;relative radioactive correction;odd/even effect;destripping
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：In our previons study radiometric cross-calibration for CCD camera using MODIS data,and they gave the radiometric coefficients and offsets were given.However,the calibration precision of those calibration coefficients is not so good,since the BRDF of the calibration sites was not considered.What’s more,the calibration coefficients for time series of CCD data are limited because calibrations were performed for the pairs of images of which the viewing zeniths of the MODIS are smaller than 30°.The effort of the article is to enhance the calibration precision of calibration coefficients for CCD data by considering the BRDF of the calibration sites.And more complete calibration coefficients for time series of CCD data are intended to be provided.关键词：CBERS-02;CCD camera;cross-radiometric calibration;BRDF
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：In the ultraviolet wavelength range,the high precision radiometric calibration of spectroradiometer is quite difficult.It is mainly caused by the relatively larger uncertainty（4%） in the irradiance calibration of FEL standard lamp and uncertainty（4%—6%） in the measurements of the diffuser bidirectional reflectance distribution function（BRDF）.In this article,the calibration technique of sphere integrator is used to improve the precision of calibration,the large area uniform（2%） source of radiance close to the ideal one is achieved to acquire the radiance responsivities of the spectroradiometer under development for ultraviolet remote sensing from space.The FEL standard lamp is assumed to be a uniform point source to get a correction for the illuminating factor.In the mean time,a comparison between the conventional FEL+diffuser method and the new sphere integrator method is performed.A conclusion is drawn that the radiance responsivities using these two techniques are consistent within 3%.A preliminary analysis of calibration data points out that the uncertainties in measurements of the diffuser BRDF and the calculation of the radiance in the FOV of spectroradiometer account for the discrepancy between the comparisons of these two techniques.关键词：spectral radiometric calibration;spectroradiometer for ultraviolet remote sensing in space;integrating sphere;diffuser
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：The atmospheric refraction is a main cause to remote sensing image distortion.For traditional film photogrammetry,the influence of this is often ignored.But after analyzing the atmosphere correction model,which is referenced widely by remote sensing teaching material,the paper points out the problems to the model and promote new resolving scheme.Through data simulating,the thesis proves that atmospheric refraction is not a neglected factor in to aerial digital remote sensing images.关键词：aerial digital remote sensing;atmosphere refraction;image distortion
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：Observing the land with radiometer,the land parameters, such as soil moisture,soil roughness and vegetation layer,have great influences on the soil microwave emission.Calibration for the soil roughness parameters is very important for land surface parameters retrieval with radiometer.Soil roughness parameters（h and Q） vary with the observing frequency.In the past studies,h was considered to vary in the world and Q was considered to be a fixed value.Then,usually,h was assigned to zero and Q was derived over desert.In fact,both h and Q are affected by the land surface conditions and vary globally.This paper takes AMSR-E data as sample data and presents a new parameter Γ,which is computed from MPDI and independent on the soil moisture.Γ is dependent on soil roughness and vegetation water content,and it has the potential to calibrate the soil roughness parameters and estimate the vegetation water content,vegetation growth/variety.In this paper,Γ is used to calibrate soil roughness parameters over the desert in the north of Africa,and the calibration results are compared with the results from the past studies.
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：This paper focuses on the methodology for brightness temperature component selection and temporal variations of these component values by an in situ experiment dedicated to urban brightness temperature distribution.Results reveal that the number of typical objects of an urban area and their brightness temperature values vary with time of day due to the complex of urban thermal feature and structures.More thorough analysis is needed in the further research.A modelling study on the variations of directional brightness temperature（DBT） for row-structured building arrays was carried out with the help of the ground observations over urban areas.The model assumes that the DBT is a function of component brightness temperatures and their directional fractions.Their fractions in the scene depend on sun-view geometry and the geometry of buildings.In the simulation of urban areas DBT,the results reveal an evident row-direction-oriented stripe in DBT polar map,where no hot spot appears.As an initial attempt,the research only focus on the simplified conditions,more complicated structure may be considered in the further researches.At last,we compared the solution of model with the experiment solution.The research showed that the solution revealed the phenomenon in experiment to a certain extent.关键词：urban areas;directional brightness temperature;classification;modeling
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：In this paper,a synthetic strategy has been employed to model 3D canopy’s radiation transfer in the whole optical spectral domains.3D plant architecture model（the Clumped Architecture Model of Plants: CLAMP） is used to generate the realistic vegetation scene.In the visible and NIR region,the canopy BRDF was decomposed into three parts: single scattering contribution from leaves,single scattering contribution from the soil,and multiple scattering part of the canopy.The single scattering contributions come from illuminated leaves and soil components which are computed by the reverse ray-tracing procedure with their corresponding reflectance.The multiple scattering contribution is approximated by the four-stream theory.As a result,the modeling of VNIR region is more efficient and fairl accurately describes the anisotropically scattering features of vegetation.Simulation results show good consistency with SAILH’s,and more details can be simulated than the one dimensional rediative transfer models.In the TIR region,the directional brightness temperature of canopy is calculated as the linear combination of four（component’s）（illuminated leaves,illuminated ground,shadowed leaves,and shadowed ground） brightness temperature multiplied by its fractional cover computed by the reverse ray-tracing procedure.Initial modeling results show typical features of（vegetation’s） anisotropic scattering and directional temperature distributions,for example,hot spot,bowl shape and reach a good agreement with theoretical results in those three domains.This strategy shows potential of exploring the impact of canopy structure on the radiometric response measured by remote sensors.
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：Gap frequency is the probability that a light unintercepted penetrates through the canopy and reaches the surface under the vegetation,and it is a key variable describing canopy structure and biomass spatial distribution.Previous study revealed that in the night TIR images,the brightness components of maize field was stable and easy to be distinguished.The objective of the research is to investigate the directional variation of gap fraction over a maize canopy（LAI=3.64） by night thermal infrared（TIR） experimental data which was acquired on August 23rd,2005 in Huailai county of Hebei Province.The results showed that very little azimuth variation appears for gap frequency except for the observations along row direction,gap frequency declines from the nadir slowly;in other azimuth directions,gap frequency declines sharply.The measured parameters were input into a GORT model,and the gap fractions were simulated at different angles.By comparing the simulated gap frequency with the measured one,the two had good agreement.The model caught the main features of the measured gap fraction of maize canopy and reflected the characteristics of row crop.The differences between them were due to some reasons,such as the disagreement of the objects;the angle variation was not controlled accurately in experiment;the measurement height was too low;the selection of projection function and clumping parameter et al.关键词：maize canopy;gap fraction;GORT model;night TIR images
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：Beijing-1 microsatellite is an applied earth observing microsatellite of China.It combines SSTL’s standard Disaster Monitoring Constellation（DMC） multispectral camera with a high resolution panchromatic imager.To enlarge its swath and shorten the revisiting time,every multispectral band is combined by two part images which were captured by two separate cameras.This design must add the error of the band registration.To assess Beijing-1 microsatellite,this paper introduces an effective method to evaluate the band registration accuracy.The method is based on cross-correlation of image digital number.Based on the result of band registration,this paper presents a new method to assess the images’ distortion and its coherence of three bands.关键词：Beijing-1;band registration;image match;image distortion;image quality assessment
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：Wavelet image denoising has been widely applied in image processing field.And Wavelet shrinkage is a very important way in this method.This paper compares several wavelet threshold functions in Bayes threshold condition.关键词：Wavelet;image denoising;threshold functions
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：The method,which is based on the radiometric calibration coefficient and the atmospheric radiative transfer software,is used to atmospheric correction of CBERS- 02’s CCD image.The non-object information has been removed from the CCD remote sensing image.In order to eliminate adjacent effect,it is supposed that the object is in a large scale reference background which has a certain reflectance.And then it is adapted to the actual background.By using this method,the corrected image whose detailed part is much clear than the uncorrected,has been enhanced.关键词：CCD;Atmospheric correction;adjacent effect;reflectance
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：In the paper,based on CBERS- 02 data,research for atmospheric correction was conducted.First,supposed land surface is a lambert,the influence of different surface reflectivity on the atmospheric correction was discussed by simulating the atmosphere with MODTRAN4.0;then,after building the LUT（look up table） which includes the coefficients of atmospheric correction,the whole data was corrected by the the proper coefficents in the LUT;at last,the land surface BRDF was corrected by Kernel-Driven Model.关键词：CBERS;Atmospheric correction;MODTRAN;BRDF;LUT
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：Remote Sensing Image Classifiction is always a difficult problem.It’s very important to use proper algorithms for different images.Not only precision but also efficiency must be considered.By researching in the relations between the initial means of clusters and the efficiency of clustering,we proposed a method of computing the initial means of clusters for K-Means Clustering.It is proved to be more efficient than the（K-Means） Clustering module of ENVI when it’s used in Remote Sensing Classification.关键词：remote sensing image classification;clustering;K-Means
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：HJ-1C is a component of HJ satellites which are developed in China.HJ-1C SAR has a frequency of S-band,VV polarization,and incidence angle from 25°—47°.Based on configuration parameters of HJ-1C and SAR sensor,image simulation was performed using high-resolution DEM（30m） and classification data（20m） in this paper,combining geometrical and radiometric characters of SAR image.This work will give us a primary impression on HJ-1C products before the satellite being launched.Furthermore,the simulated image will benefit to the design and validation of sensor system,image interpretation and new algorithms test,etc.关键词：image simulation;SAR;HJ-1C
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：This paper studies "the imagery simulation methods of the spaceborne synthetic aperture radar".Based on the analysis,"the echo data mathematic model" is built,the unthors author then propose "the method of echo data simulation based on the stochastic distributed target",based on which the authors further set forth a method of creating raw data different from the conventional one,whose availability is validated by modeling and simulating.关键词：synthetic aperture radar（SAR）;raw data;distributed target
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：The suspended matter concentrations are very high in coastal waters of China,and the variations of concentrations gradients are also great.The concentrations may vary from several thousands mg/l to less than 1mg/l.Atmospheric correction for above turbid waters has been always the unsolved problem in ocean color remote sensing.The Arnone iteration method using inherent optical properties of near-infrared（NIR） bands is just applicable in lowly turbid waters,whose spectral relations between red and NIR bands are mostly similar to that derived from ocean color experiment data in Yellow Sea and East China sea,spring,2003.But the iteration method failed,and the water-leaving radiances at shorter bands such as blue bands are negative,when the suspended matter concentrations exceed 10—20mg/l,which is the result of in situ data mentioned above.Therefore,in this article we distinguish turbid waters into low and high turbid waters and give the preliminary criterion.Optimization method has been applied to atmospheric correction of highly turbid waters whose error function is determined by spectral relations between various visible bands from above in situ data.The results show that the optimization method could get reasonable water-leaving radiances,although it needs further fine-tuning.The normalized water-leaving radiances and total suspended matter concentrations derived from SeaWiFS are mostly satisfied when Gordon standard algorithm,Arnone iteration method and optimization are used in atmospheric aorrection.关键词：Atmospheric correction;turbidity;suspended matter concentration;spectral iteration;optimization
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：In the year 2002,the spacecraft SHEN ZHOU-3 was launched successfully.The moderate resolution imaging spectrometer on the spacecraft acquired a lot of data at 940nm interval.Using part of the information we tried to retrieve the water vapor amount.Some analytical resnlts are presented in this paper.关键词：satellite data retrieval;atmospheric water vapor amount;near infrared channels
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：Based on measurements on 936nm water-vapor band and 870nm atmospheric window band for CE318 sun photometer,A method of water vapor amount estimation by an improved Langley plot is presented.Calibration of CE318 sun photometer and calculation of water vapor amount are also described.The results of calibration of the water vapor exhibited that its linear relativity is 0.986 and the uncertainty is 0.024g/cm2.The results of the water vapor amounts in 2002—2004 indicated that they are all less than 0.5g/cm2 from Jan.（Nov.） to Mar.（Dec.） over Beijing atmosphere.An agreement is occurred to monthly average values of water vapor amounts year by year.关键词：water vapor;Sun Photometer;calibration
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：In the atmospheric research by satellite remote sensing,due to the inhomogeneous pixels of land surface,there are some limitations of the present algorithms in the reflectivity retrieve of the earth’s surface,which are used in deducing the oceanic surface reflectivity and the aerosol optic thickness above it.Now these limitations can be removed by the three-step approach.The algorithm of three-step approach was introduced;the earth’s surface reflectivity of Chiba was retrieved after the atmospheric correction and effect removing of the neighboring pixels to the ASTER satellite data.The distribution of the aerosol optic thickness was then retrieved from the earth’s surface reflectivity.The earth’s surface reflectivity in the fair weather days was applied to retrieve the aerosol optic thickness of the other days in the same season,which not only reduced the effect of the choice of aerosol model but also realized the deduction of the aerosol optic thickness distribution without the data from the sun photometer.关键词：ASTER;Landsat/TM;atmospheric correction;albedo;aerosol optic thickness
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：From October to November,IRSA of CAS in cooperation with Beijing Normal University Remote Sensing Center and some other research institutes carried out a Remote Sensing experiment in Qianyanzhou Region,Jiangxi Province. During the experiment period automatic sun tracking photometer CE318 produced by France CIMEL company was used to measure the sun direct irradiance,and a large amount of data was obtained.Based on these data,AOT（aerosol optical thickness） and Angstrom parameters were retrieved.Through analyzing the variation of AOT and Angstrom parameters,the reason which cause the variation was discussed.In this paper some factors which could introduce error into the retrieval result were also discussed.关键词：CE318;aerosol optical thickness
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：HJ-1 Hyperspectral image radiometer is on the HJ-1A satellite to be launched in 2007.It will provide images in about 135 spectral bands between 0.45 and 0.95μm,with spatial resolution of 100 meters.HJ-1 Hyper-spectral image radiometer will give a return visit every 96 hours.Aerosol optical thickness retrieval is discussed in this paper.The aerosol optical thickness retrieval is always conducted over the dense dark vegetation,because green vegetation are dark in the red（around 0.66 μm） and blue（around 0.46μm） spectral region.The radiance measured by the sensor increases with the aerosol optical depth increases,the aerosol information can be easily separated from the land surface.We simulated the HJ-1 high-spectral data using HYPERION data,then selected the algorithm of Dense Dark Vegetation to retrieve aerosol optical thickness from the simulated data.For lacking of shortwave-infrared and mid-infrared bands,the dense dark vegetation pixels detected by NDVI（normalized difference vegetation index）,the reflectance of the dense dark vegetation pixels is 0.035 in blue band and 0.055 in red band.The results show that the HJ-1 high-spectral data can be well applied in aerosol optical thickness retrieval.关键词：HJ-1A satellite;hyperspectral image radiometer;aerosol optical thickness
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：Bare surface co-polarized backscattering model and roughness computing model is established using AIEM simulated data,based on the configuration and dual-polarized nature of Envisat-1 ASAR data.The former expresses co-polarized backscattering coefficient as the function of incidence angle and two surface parameters（namely,soil moisture and roughness）;and the later gives the method to obtain roughness using dual-polarized radar data.Soil moisture is estimated by combining the two models,and validation is performed by both simulated data and in-situ data.The results show that the two models are reliable and useful.The foundation of dual-polarized model will benefit to the modeling and applications of multi-polarized radar data on PALSAR（Japan） and RADARSAT-2（Canada） in the future.关键词：Envisat-1;ASAR;backscattering;AIEM;soil moisture
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：The paper discusses the feasibility to detect the soil moisture using MODIS data for different vegetation coverage.The thermal inertia model is adopted,and it is based on the survey of the corn field in Huailai experiment station.However,the thermal inertia model is limited by the vegetation,so a new parameter,which is the product of NDVI and thermal inertia,is introduced for the correlation analysis.And it is validated that the new parameter has a better correlation with the soil moisture.关键词：soil moisture;apparent thermal inertia;NDVI
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：Improving the Jimenez-Munoz and Sobrino’s generalized single-channel method for retrieving land surface temperature from remote sensing data(published at Journal of Geophysical Research,2003,108（doi: 10.1029/2003JD003480） according to the thermal channel’s characteristics of CBERS- 02 IRMSS and using its thermal infrared remote sensing data to inverse the land surface temperatures of Beijing and Su-Xi-Chang areas.Field measurement data at Lake Qinghai on August 17,2004 was selected as the criterions to validate the inverse results of LST and the outcomes indicated that the improved single-channel LST inversion algorithm was very suitable for CBERS- 02 IRMSS thermal infrared data and with high accuracy inversion results.Based on the LST retrieved from IRMSS thermal infrared data,a new index called urban thermal field variance index was used to quantitatively analyze the urban heat island effect.The conclusions showed that CBERS- 02 IRMSS thermal infrared data can satisfy the requirements of quantitative applications and have a prodigious application potential.关键词：CBERS-02;IRMSS thermal band;in-flight field calibration;onboard blackbody calibration;cross calibration
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：The Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation（FPAR） has been recognized as one of the important variables in carbon cycle research of terrestrial ecosystem.According to the physical meaning of FPAR,the concept of effective FPAR,which is FPAR absorbed by chlorophyll within the leaf,is introduced in this article.We developed the effective FPAR remote sensing model using simulated data,and analyzed the feasibility of estimating effective FPAR based on chlorophyll content,which was expected to introduce a way to estimate NPP/GPP using effective FPAR.The results showed:（1） the difference between FPAR absorbed by leaf(FPARleaf) and FPAR absorbed by chlorophyll(FPARchl) cannot be neglected.FPARchl is not more than 50% of FPARleaf basically.The correlation between FPARchl and FPARleaf is nonlinear.（2） A strong correlation was found between chlorophyll content and FPARleaf,but the correlation between chlorophyll content and FPARchl is much stronger.So FPARleaf and FPARchl can be accurately estimated based on chlorophyll content,and the estimation average errors are 2.90% and 6.6% respectively.（3） the estimation accuracy of FPARleaf and FPARchl models is higher when chlorophyll content is not less than 20μg/cm2.For 60 samples that chlorophyll content is not less than 20μg/cm2,the average errors of estimated FPARleaf and FPARchl are 1.79% and 5.07% respectively.关键词：FPAR;effective FPAR;chlorophyll
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：In this paper,the shuffled complex evolution（SCEUA） method was used to assimilate remotely sensed data into CERESWheat model.In the process of model assimilation,leaf area index（LAI） was considered as the state variable.The simulated main growth stages and yields after assimilation were compared with simulated growth stages and yields with CERESWheat using actual input,and with measured data in the fields.The measured data was collected from four fields in different locations and planting conditions in Shunyi district and Beijing.The results show that the accuracy of simulation results of CERESWheat model after assimilation is not very sensitive to LAI errors and the number of LAI data.The advantage of the SCEUA method will help to realize wheat growth monitoring and yield prediction.关键词：remotely sensed data;crop growth model;assimilation;winter wheat;growth monitoring;yield prediction
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发布时间：2021-06-10 - 摘要：The polynomial expression model is a new model to interpret the light scattering process inside leaf/soil system and decipher the non-linear relationship between component spectra and canopy reflectance.It uses high order polynomial to interpret the scattering process inside canopy,and each coefficient of the polynomial expression represents the possibility with which the incident light,after multi-scattering of the components,goes out of the canopy and enters the sensor.This value depends on the canopy structure including crop cover rate,leaf distribution etc.So the polynomial model has the capability to invert the canopy structural parameters.This study is designed to invert the crop cover rate using this model.Firstly the canopy reflectance model SAILH is used to simulate BRDF spectra and the corresponding cover rates.Then the relationship between the polynomial coefficients from the polynomial expression model and cover rates is built.Finally,an experiment is designed to validate the model inversion.关键词：polynomial expression model;structural parameters;cover rate;BRDF
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发布时间：2021-06-10
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