GF-5 EMI观测新冠疫情期间全球典型地区NO2柱浓度变化
Tropospheric NO2 changes in global typical regions during the COVID-19 pandemic from GF-5 EMI observations
- 2023年27卷第8期 页码：1807-1820
纸质出版日期： 2023-08-07
DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20231787
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摘要
中国“高分五号”（GF-5）卫星上搭载的痕量气体差分吸收光谱仪（EMI）是第一台设计用于大气痕量气体的探测的高光谱载荷。本文首次基于EMI NO
2
观测结果分析全球NO
2
污染典型区域在新冠疫情期间的NO
2
浓度变化情况。结果表明EMI载荷捕捉到了2020年1—3月，中国东部（-13.6%）、欧洲（-10.2%）、伊朗（-7.9%）和韩国（-13%）等大部分地区NO
2
柱浓度区域均值的明显下降趋势。不论是同年封锁前后的比较，还是2020年封锁期间与2019年同期的比较，都能够看到EMI NO
2
柱浓度明显的下降。NO
2
柱浓度下降的主要原因是疫情期间采取的限制性措施导致的交通和工业活动排放大幅减少。EMI NO
2
观测结果与国际同类成熟载荷OMI和TROPOMI观测结果的相关性大于0.97，在区域和城市尺度上EMI与OMI和TROPOMI的平均相对差异分别小于13%和9%。本研究结果体现了EMI在全球NO
2
污染变化监测的能力和实际应用价值，为中国后续痕量气体探测载荷的研制和应用提供参考。
Abstract
The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has been declared a global pandemic in December 2019. To curb the spread of the virus
countries and regions around the world have adopted lockdown measures
which resulted in sharp reductions in their social and economic activities and significantly reduced the concentration of pollutants in their atmosphere. The environmental trace gases monitoring instrument (EMI) onboard the Chinese GaoFen-5 (GF-5) satellite is the first hyperspectral sensor designed for monitoring atmospheric trace gases. This study analyzed the tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO
2
) changes in typical global areas during the COVID-19 pandemic based on EMI NO
2
observations. To evaluate the application potential of EMI NO
2
this study compared the emission reductions monitored by EMI NO
2
with that monitored by OMI and TROPOMI NO
2
products. Eastern China
Europe
Iran
and South Korea were selected as the main research areas. The study period covered January 1 to March 31 in 2019 and 2020 and was divided into multiple sub-windows according to the differences in the outbreak and lockdown times in these regions. The comparison of regional-time-averaged EMI NO
2
in 2019 and 2020 reveals that the EMI captured obvious NO
2
reduction trends in most areas of Eastern China (-13.6%)
Europe (-10.2%)
Iran (-7.9%)
and South Korea (-13%) from January 1 to March 24. The average relative deviation of EMI NO
2
reduction percentage from OMI and TROPOMI is less than 12.3% in Eastern China and 13% in Europe. The EMI NO
2
significantly decreased before and after lockdowns in the same year or in the same period between these two years. To further evaluate the quantitative expression ability of EMI in urban-scale NO
2
emission reduction
the emission reductions of EMI NO
2
in several typical cities were calculated and compared with OMI and TROPOMI. The NO
2
reductions from EMI are highly consistent with those from OMI and TROPOMI. The averaged relative differences between EMI and OMI (TROPOMI) in the regional and urban scales are less than 13% and 9%
respectively. In addition to GF-5
the hyperspectral observation satellite (GF-5B) launched on September 7
2021 and the atmospheric environment monitoring satellite (DQ1) launched on April 16
2022 are also equipped with an EMI sensor. Preliminary results show that these satellites have good data quality and a detection capability comparable with that of GF-5(01) EMI. Other satellites that are planned to be launched
such as high-precision greenhouse gas detection satellite (DQ2) and GF-5 replacement satellite (GF501A)
will also be equipped with an EMI sensor to continue monitoring polluting gases in the world and to provide a new source of data for global pollution monitoring. This study assesses the ability and practical application value of EMI in global NO
2
monitoring and provides a reference for the development and application of similar instruments.
关键词
遥感高分五号EMIOMITROPOMINO2反演新冠疫情NO2减排
Keywords
remote sensingGF-5EMIOMITROPOMINO2 retrievalCOVID-19NO2 reduction
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桂林理工大学 地球科学学院
中国科学院大学
首都师范大学 资源环境与旅游学院
广西壮族自治区生态环境监测中心
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