无人机遥感下的东北薄层黑土区切沟三维形态时空演变分析
Spatiotemporal Analysis of Gully Three-Dimensional Morphological Evolution in the Northeast Black Soil Region Based on Drone Remote Sensing
- 2024年 页码：1-13
网络出版日期： 2024-03-12
DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20243429
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摘要
耕地是农业生产的核心资源，而切沟的出现对耕地质量和粮食安全造成了极大威胁。切沟三维形态时空演变分析实际上是对切沟侵蚀过程的描述，明确其过程有助于耕地沟道侵蚀水土保持措施的精确布设。本研究基于无人机遥感生成的多年正射影像与精细DEM数据，对吉林省长春市九台区二道沟进行三维形态时空演变分析，通过目视解译结合辅助数据进行切沟二维参数提取，确定切沟多年间的整体发展情况；建立量化表达切沟三维形态的沟壑形态指标体系，并对二道沟最活跃的东部大沟头在2017-2021年间的三维形态变化进行分析；获取并统计了九台市气象站点在五年内降雨相关的多种指标，对典型东北薄层黑土区切沟降雨与沟道侵蚀的关系展开讨论。结果表明位于薄层黑土区的二道沟在五年间沟头范围稳定发展，沟头前进3.01m，新蚕食耕地39.57m
2
；沟头最大侵蚀1.56m，最大沉积1.76m，其中沟头阳坡处侵蚀情况最严重；侵蚀性降雨次数与降雨次数是影响该区域沟头扩张的主要因素。基于无人机遥感的切沟三维形态演变过程能够实现对薄层黑土区的切沟侵蚀过程的刻画，对于未来水土保持措施精细化布设具有指导作用。
Abstract
This study aims to conduct a spatiotemporal analysis of the three-dimensional morphology of Erdao gully in Jiutai District
Changchun City
Jilin Province
to comprehend the erosion process and provide guidance for precise deployment of water and soil conservation measures in farmland channels in the Northeast Black Soil Region. Utilizing multi-year orthophoto images and high-resolution DEM data derived from drone remote sensing
two-dimensional parameters of the gully were extracted. Combining visual interpretation with auxiliary data
the overall development of Erdao gully over several years was determined
and a set of quantitative gully morphology indicators was established. The study analyzed the three-dimensional morphological changes in the most active eastern head of Erdao gully from 2017 to 2021. Simultaneously
rainfall-related indicators were collected and analyzed from the Jiutai Meteorological Station over five years to discuss the relationship between rainfall and gully erosion. The findings reveal that Erdao gully in the Black Soil Region area exhibited stable head development over five years
with gradual expansion and the most severe erosion occurring on the sunny slope of the head. The number and intensity of rainfall events were identified as the main factors influencing gully head expansion in this region. The process of gully three-dimensional morphological evolution based on drone remote sensing effectively portrays the erosion process in the Black Soil Region and offers valuable insights for the precise deployment of water and soil conservation measures in the future
contributing to land quality protection and ensuring food security in agricultural production areas.
关键词
无人机遥感薄层黑土区切沟三维形态沟型指标体系水土保持土壤侵蚀时空变化
Keywords
UAV Remote SensingThin Black Soil RegionGullyThree-Dimensional MorphologyGully Shape Index SystemSoil ConservationSoil ErosionSpatiotemporal Change Analysis.
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