Accuracy evaluation of multi-source DEM data based on the analysis of vegetation-induced penetration rate in the forest area
- Vol. 26, Issue 11, Pages: 2268-2281(2022)
Published： 07 November 2022
DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20210221
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摘要
随着现代遥感观测技术的不断发展，目前已经有多个版本的公开高程数据集。然而，在林区，由于植被对电磁波的遮挡或吸收作用，遥感手段探测得到的高程不能反映真实的地表信息，存在系统偏差的影响。为了分析多源DEM产品在林区高程偏差的特性，本文选取了美国马里兰州和索诺马县为研究区域，对比不同地形、不同林区类型条件下雷达DEM产品SRTM1、TanDEM-X 90和光学DEM产品AW3D 30与裸地参考高程3DEP的差值，得到3类高程产品的林区穿透率，并结合林区类型、植被冠层高度、冠层覆盖度和坡度等辅助数据进行差异分析。结果表明，SRTM1、TanDEM-X 90和AW3D 30中，C波段雷达探测数据SRTM1的整体林区穿透率最大，尤其是在马里兰州常绿针叶林，其整体穿透率可达0.771；而基于X波段雷达观测的TanDEM-X 90和光学数据AW3D 30的林区穿透率相当。3类高程产品在针叶林中的林区穿透率大于在阔叶林中的林区穿透率，且林区穿透率均随着冠层覆盖度的增加而减弱，其中TanDEM-X 90和AW3D 30的林区穿透率减弱幅度较大。除探测波长影响外，主要原因是TanDEM-X 90和AW3D 30均由高分辨率数据采样得到，重采样前的高分辨率原始数据更容易检测到树木之间的开阔区域。此外，复杂的地形环境在一定程度上会降低高程数据产品的垂直精度，导致计算得到的林区穿透率偏低。因此，在林区对SRTM1、TanDEM-X 90和AW3D 30这3类高程产品进行应用时，应综合考虑传感器波段的穿透性、林区类型、冠层覆盖度以及坡度的影响，根据每个产品的林区穿透率去除植被冠层高度，以获取更加精确的地表信息。
Abstract
With the development of modern remote sensing observation technology
there are several versions of public elevation datasets. However
due to the shielding effect or absorption of electromagnetic waves by dense vegetation in forest areas
the elevation obtained by remote sensing techniques is inevitably influenced by the systematic deviation. In this paper
the radar-derived DEM products (i.e.
SRTM1 and TanDEM-X 90) and optical-sensor based AW3D30 dataset were chosen to analyze the characteristics of elevation deviations of multi-source DEM products in forest areas. The Maryland and Sonoma County of the United States were selected as the study regions. Using the 3DEP as the reference of bare-ground elevation
the vegetation-induced penetration rates of the three elevation products in the areas with different terrain conditions and covered by various forest types were obtained. The results showed that the overall penetration rate of SRTM1 obtained through C-band radar detection is the largest among the three datasets
followed by TanDEM-X 90 and AW3D 30 with comparable penetration rates. In terms of forest types
the penetration rates in coniferous forests are greater than that in broad-leaved forest. Moreover
the forest penetration rate decreases with the increase of canopy coverage
especially for TanDEM-X 90 and AW3D 30. In addition to the influence of detection wavelength
the main reason is that both TanDEM-X 90 and AW3D 30 are sampled from high-resolution data
and the high-resolution raw data before resampling make it easier to detect the open area between trees. In addition
the complex terrain environment will decrease the vertical accuracy of DEM datasets
and result in relatively lower penetration rates. Based on the results
the vegetation-induced penetration rate was synthetically affected by multiple factors
including sensor’s working waveband
forest type
canopy coverage
and terrain slope. The canopy height should be removed for the elevation datasets considering different penetration power of vegetation to obtain more accurate surface information. This research is helpful in improving the accuracy of canopy height removal for elevation products
and it provides a scientific reference basis for users when selecting the appropriate elevation products in the applications.
关键词
SRTM1TanDEM-X 90AW3D 30林区穿透率精度评价
Keywords
SRTM1TanDEM-X 90AW3D 30forest areapenetration rateaccuracy evaluation
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College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
State Key Laboratory of Computer Aided Design and Computer Graphics, Zhejiang University
College of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University
China Aero-geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land Resources
College of Mathematics, Physics and Information, Zhejiang Ocean University
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