“Significant progress has been made in the field of earthquake disaster loss assessment. With the intensification of disaster risks and the increasing demand for disaster reduction and relief, assessment technology has developed rapidly. Remote sensing technology, as a representative of the era of big data and intelligence, has also played an important role in evaluation. The study reviewed the development history of earthquake disaster loss assessment, compared the similarities and differences between domestic and foreign assessment software platforms, and summarized the commonly used methods for estimating population and economic losses. Meanwhile, the article also delves into the current status of post earthquake remote sensing disaster loss assessment and remote sensing based earthquake damage prediction methods. However, the current assessment of earthquake disaster losses still faces some problems. Therefore, the article puts forward targeted suggestions and looks forward to the application trend of remote sensing data in earthquake disaster loss assessment. This study not only provides a new perspective for earthquake disaster loss assessment, but also offers new ideas for future disaster reduction and relief work.”