Challenges and research on remote sensing satellite application technology in the Giant Constellation Era

KANG Lihong; TIAN Jing; JIANG Bitao

doi:10.11834/jrs.20233248

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Challenges and research on remote sensing satellite application technology in the Giant Constellation Era
Vol. 28, Issue 7, Pages: 1658-1666(2024)
Published： 07 July 2024 ，
DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20233248
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康利鸿，田菁，江碧涛.2024.巨星座时代遥感卫星应用技术挑战与思考.遥感学报，28（7）： 1658-1666

Kang L H， Tian J and Jiang B T. 2024. Challenges and research on remote sensing satellite application technology in the Giant Constellation Era. National Remote Sensing Bulletin， 28（7）：1658-1666
康利鸿，田菁，江碧涛.2024.巨星座时代遥感卫星应用技术挑战与思考.遥感学报，28（7）： 1658-1666 DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20233248.

Kang L H， Tian J and Jiang B T. 2024. Challenges and research on remote sensing satellite application technology in the Giant Constellation Era. National Remote Sensing Bulletin， 28（7）：1658-1666 DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20233248.

摘要

从20世纪70年代以来，中国遥感卫星系统经历了模拟式时代到数字式时代的发展，建成了稳定运行的遥感卫星系统及相应的应用体系，当前正在向智能化、网络化的遥感巨星座时代迈进。为了更好地推动国家遥感卫星事业发展，有必要站在当前历史发展的机遇期，详细梳理其面临的技术挑战，确定未来技术攻关方向，为中国遥感卫星巨星座时代的到来预置技术、做好准备。本文通过总结回顾中国遥感卫星系统的发展历程和建设成就，从应用系统建设的角度分析了遥感卫星走向巨星座时代面临的技术挑战，特别是海量数据处理技术和大规模星群控制技术的挑战，分析了完全依靠星上智能处理存在的问题，提出了地面支持下的星上智能处理模式，在分析目前星上自主任务规划能力现状基础上，提出了基于数字孪生的星地一体智能任务管理和分布式智能协同模式。最后梳理了智能遥感巨星座1.0到3.0共3个阶段的发展路线及需要关注的关键技术，为国内遥感领域应用技术研究提供借鉴。

Abstract

Since the 1970s

China has made remarkable achievements in the field of remote-sensing satellite systems. It is moving toward the era of intelligent and networked giant remote-sensing satellite constellations. The realization of networking and intelligence of giant remote sensing satellite constellations is not a one-off process. The development of the national remote sensing satellite industry in China hinges on the current opportunity period of historical development

careful resolution of technical challenges

direction of future technological breakthroughs

and preparations for the era of remote-sensing satellite constellation. This paper reviews the development history of China’s remote-sensing satellite systems and analyzes the technical challenges faced by the development of a giant remote-sensing constellation. First

owing to the massive data processing problem in the remote-sensing constellation

this paper focuses on on-orbit data preprocessing and intelligent information extraction methods

analyzes the problems through on-board intelligent processing

and proposes an on-board processing mode supported by the ground. Second

complex problems in the management of tasks in a large constellation and the current status of on-board autonomous mission planning capabilities are analyzed

and a digital twin-based integrated intelligent mission management and distributed intelligent collaboration model is proposed.Overall

China is currently in the stage of limited intelligent processing

particularly on-board and ground-based processing

and is entering the stage at which it can perform simple mission control on board and ground-based control. Driven by advancements in intelligent processing capabilities on board

the development of remote-sensing constellation systems toward the ideal “organic giant constellation” can be divided into three stages

that is

giant remote-sensing constellation 1.0-3.0. The integrated design and technical laying out of the intelligent giant remote-sensing constellation system as a whole

combining space and ground elements

must be carried out as early as possible. Key technical research on highly efficient and reliable intersatellite communication technologies should be undertaken. Furthermore

the performance of algorithms interpreting remote sensing data based on random sample data

digital twin-based integrated intelligent mission planning technology for space and ground

on-orbit unsupervised continuous self-learning theories

methods for the intelligent processing of remote sensing satellite data

and event-driven rapid task allocation technologies for large-scale constellations should be evaluated and optimized. These efforts can promote the development of national remote-sensing satellites for a new era of intelligence.

关键词

遥感巨星座发展历程智能化网络化应用技术星群控制数据处理发展规划

Keywords

giant remote sensing constellationdevelopment historyintelligentnetworkedapplication technologysatellite constellation mission controldata processingdevelopment plan

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